Rancang Bangun Prototipe Sistem Roaster Otomatis Berbasis Elemen Pemanas Resistif

Khoir, Moh. Miftahul (2025) Rancang Bangun Prototipe Sistem Roaster Otomatis Berbasis Elemen Pemanas Resistif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses penyangraian kopi secara manual sering kali menghasilkan ketidakkonsistenan suhu yang berdampak pada mutu dan cita rasa kopi, sehingga diperlukan sistem roaster otomatis yang lebih andal. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan membangun prototipe sistem roaster otomatis berbasis elemen pemanas resistif sebagai alternatif modern terhadap mesin sangrai konvensional yang kerap memiliki keterbatasan dalam pengendalian suhu. Prototipe dirancang dengan dimensi ruang sangrai (roasting chamber) sebesar 50 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm, dan ruang pemanggang bagian dalam berukuran 30 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm, menggunakan material stainless steel serta insulasi ceramic fiber untuk efisiensi termal. Sistem dikendalikan oleh mikrokontroler Arduino R4 Minima, dengan integrasi sensor suhu PT100 RTD berbasis modul MAX31865 serta sensor berat load cell yang terhubung ke modul HX711, guna memantau parameter utama selama proses. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu mencapai suhu target 220°C dalam waktu 3–6 menit, dengan kontrol suhu on-off yang menjaga fluktuasi suhu dalam rentang 0,5°C hingga 1,0°C dari titik setel. Akurasi sensor berat mencapai ketelitian hingga 1 gram. Efisiensi energi sistem tercatat sebesar 27,05% saat dilakukan pengujian dengan massa kopi sebesar 50 gram. Efisiensi ini cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya massa kopi, karena energi panas dari elemen pemanas lebih banyak diserap oleh biji kopi yang diproses. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa spesifikasi, kinerja, dan efisiensi dari mesin sangrai yang dirancang dan dibangun memiliki potensi sebagai pengganti mesin sangrai konvensional yang lebih presisi dan terkontrol.
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Manual coffee roasting often results in inconsistent temperature control, which affects the quality and flavor of the final product. Therefore, a reliable automatic roasting system is essential. This study aims to design and develop a prototype of an automatic coffee roaster system based on resistive heating elements as a modern alternative to conventional roasting machines, which often lack precise temperature control. The prototype features a roasting chamber with dimensions of 50 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm, and an internal roasting space measuring 30 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm, constructed using stainless steel and insulated with ceramic fiber for thermal efficiency. The control system is implemented using an Arduino R4 Minima microcontroller, integrated with a PT100 RTD temperature sensor via the MAX31865 module and a load cell connected to the HX711 module to monitor key process parameters. Performance testing shows that the system can reach a target temperature of 220°C within 3–6 minutes, and the implemented on-off control maintains temperature fluctuations within 0.5°C to 1.0°C from the set point. The load cell provides accurate weight readings with a precision of up to 1 gram. Energy efficiency was recorded at 27.05% during testing with 50 grams of coffee beans, and this efficiency tends to increase with larger batch sizes, as more heat energy is absorbed by the beans. This study demonstrates that the specifications, performance, and energy efficiency of the developed roasting machine make it a viable and more precise alternative to conventional coffee roasters.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mesin Sangrai Otomatis, Elemen Pemanas Resistif, Kontrol Suhu. Automatic Roaster, Resistive Heating Element, Temperature Control
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QC Physics > QC271 Temperature measurements Q Science > QC Physics > QC320 Heat transfer T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control.
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Moh. Miftahul Khoir
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 02:04
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 02:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120654

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