Performance of Floating Constructed Wetland in Reducing Phosphate and Nitrate Using Eichhornia crassipes and Typha latifolia

Siregar, Vina Namira Callysta (2025) Performance of Floating Constructed Wetland in Reducing Phosphate and Nitrate Using Eichhornia crassipes and Typha latifolia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pollution that occurs in the Kalidami River was caused by the discharge of domestic wastewater directly into the river without any treatment, characterized by excessive foam on the surface of the river water. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the water body in various ways One alternative to reduce pollutants that have entered the water body is to utilise aquatic plants called phytoremediation. One of the wastewater treatment technologies used is Floating Constructed Wetlands (FCW) using planting media to support plant rooting, and improve water quality. The purpose of this study is to reduce phosphate and nitrate levels in the water body by using Eicchornia crassipes, Typha latifolia, and mixing plant of both plants. FCW is designed using basic materials of styrofoam, coconut fibre, and plastic bottles. FCWs are designed with a Styrofoam which is placed in a reactor with a size of 70 cm x 70 cm x 40 cm and with a reactor volume of approximately 150 L as many as 8 pieces reactor is used Eicchornia crasipes and Typha latifolia plants. Samples were taken once every three days within ten days for the reactor of floating constructed wetland with grab sampling method. The research method for phosphate levels used is the lead chlorid method, while at nitrate levels using the Brucin Acetate method, then measure TSS, pH, temperature, dry weight and wet weight of the plant.Floating Constructed Wetland (FCW) is that differences between groups of Eicchornia crassipes and Typha latifolia plant species and plant composition affect the reduction of phosphate, nitrate, TSS, pH, temperature levels, dry weight of plants, and wet weight of plants. The results obtained showed that Eichhornia crassipes was able to reduce phosphate concentrations by 51% and nitrate concentrations by 31%, then Typha latifolia was able to reduce phosphate concentrations by 40% and nitrate concentrations by 27%. In the reactor that has a combination of two plants Eichhornia crassipes and Typha latifolia able to reduce phosphate levels by 40%, and nitrate levels by 55%, with a duration of time used for ten days.
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Pencemaran yang terjadi di Sungai Kalidami disebabkan oleh pembuangan air limbah domestik yang langsung dibuang ke sungai tanpa adanya pengolahan, yang ditandai dengan adanya buih-buih yang berlebihan pada permukaan air sungai. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengelolaan badan air dengan berbagai cara, salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi polutan yang telah masuk ke badan air adalah dengan memanfaatkan tanaman air yang disebut dengan fitoremediasi. Salah satu teknologi pengolahan air limbah yang digunakan adalah Floating Constructed Wetland (FCW) dengan menggunakan media tanam untuk mendukung perakaran tanaman dan meningkatkan kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar fosfat dan nitrat pada badan air dengan menggunakan Eicchornia crassipes, Typha latifolia, dan tanaman campuran dengan menggunakan kedua tanaman tersebut. Floating Constructed Wetland didesain dengan menggunakan bahan dasar styrofoam, serabut kelapa, botol plastik. FCW didesain dengan styrofoam yang ditempatkan dalam reaktor dengan ukuran 70 cm x 70 cm x 40 cm dan dengan volume reaktor sekitar 150 L sebanyak 8 buah reaktor dengan menggunakan tanaman Eicchornia crasipes dan Typha latifolia. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan setiap tiga hari sekali dalam waktu sepuluh hari untuk reaktor floating constructed wetland dengan metode grab sampling. Metode penelitian untuk kadar fosfat yang digunakan adalah metode lead chlorid, sedangkan pada kadar nitrat menggunakan metode metode brucin acetate, kemudian dilakukan perhitungan TSS, pH, temperatur, berat kering dan berat basah tanaman akhir sebagai parameter pendukung pada penelitian ini. Studi ini meneliti dari adanya perbedaan jenis tanaman Eicchornia crassipes dan Typha latifolia serta komposisi tanaman berpengaruh terhadap penurunan konsentrasi fosfat, nitrat, TSS, pH, temperatur, berat kering dan berat basah tanaman. Dengan hasil yang diperoleh adalah Eichhornia crassipes mampu menurunkan konsentrasi fosfat sebesar 51% dan konsentrasi nitrat sebesar 31%, kemudian tanaman Typha latifolia mampu menurunkan konsentrasi fosfat sebesar 40% dan konsentrasi nitrat sebesar 27%. Pada reaktor yang memiliki kombinasi dua tanaman Eichhornia crassipes dan Typha latifolia mampu menurunkan kadar fosfat sebesar 40%, dan kadar nitrat sebesar 55%, dengan durasi waktu yang digunakan selama sepuluh hari.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Eicchornia crassipes, Floating Constructed Wetland, Phosphate and Nitrate Reduction, Typha latifolia, Eicchornia crassipes, Floating Constructed Wetland, Penurunan Fosfat dan Nitrat, Typha latifolia.
Subjects: T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.75 Phytoremediation.
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.S47 Sewage disposal plants--Environmental aspects
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants
Divisions: Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Vina Namira Callysta Siregar
Date Deposited: 23 Jul 2025 07:29
Last Modified: 23 Jul 2025 07:29
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120725

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