Model Optimasi Jaringan Rantai Pasok di Industri Semen Untuk Meminimalkan Biaya Distribusi dan Mereduksi Emisi Karbon

Wulandari, Dwi (2025) Model Optimasi Jaringan Rantai Pasok di Industri Semen Untuk Meminimalkan Biaya Distribusi dan Mereduksi Emisi Karbon. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri semen memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung pembangunan nasional, terutama dalam penyediaan bahan baku konstruksi infrastruktur. Namun, di wilayah Sumatra, pemanfaatan kapasitas distribusi semen belum berjalan secara optimal akibat ketidakseimbangan antara supply dan demand. Dari sisi lingkungan, perusahaan semen juga dituntut untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dari kegiatan produksi maupun distribusi dikarenakan kontribusinya yang besar tehadap emisi karbon. Penelitian ini berfokus pada permasalahan distribusi produk di perusahan semen PT. XYZ di wilayah Sumatera menggunakan metode Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) dengan fungsi tujuan untuk meminimalkan biaya distribusi dan mereduksi emisi karbon yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas logistik. MILP digunakan dikarenakan mampu menangani permasalahan matematis yang melibatkan kombinasi variabel diskrit dan kontinu, dengan struktur fungsi objektif serta kendala yang bersifat linier. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dari sisi utilisasi, terjadi redistribusi beban produksi yang lebih merata antar fasilitas yang sebelumnya kurang optimal. Sementara itu, dari sisi biaya, total biaya rantai pasokan berhasil ditekan hingga 4% atau sekitar 451 miliar rupiah yang berasal dari efisiensi biaya produksi sebesar 3% dan distribusi sebesar 7% dengan penurunan terbesar ada di distribusi cement plant ke packing plant yaitu 44%. Sementara untuk emisi karbon dengan armada truk, penurunan terbesar terdapat pada distribusi dari grinding plant ke kota pemasaran sebesar 52% dengan rincian semula 84,469 lt.CO2-eq menjadi 40,277 lt.CO2-eq. Penurunan emisi karbon terbesar dengan armada kapal terdapat pada distribusi cement plant ke grinding plant yaitu sebesar 45% atau 210,916 lt.CO2-eq. Dalam analisa sensitivitas, kapasitas fasilitas pasok dapat memenuhi demand saat terjadi kenaikan demand 3%. Namun, saat terjadi kenaikan demand 4%, kapasitas fasilitas pasok tidak dapat memenuhi demand atau terjadi keadaan shortage.
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The cement industry strategically supports national development, especially in providing raw materials for infrastructure construction. However, in the Sumatra region, the utilization of cement distribution capacity has not been running optimally due to the imbalance between supply and demand. From an environmental perspective, cement companies are also required to reduce carbon emissions from production and distribution activities because of their large contribution to carbon emissions. This study focuses on the problem of product distribution at the cement company PT. XYZ in the Sumatra region using the MILP method with the objective function of minimizing distribution costs and reducing carbon emissions resulting from logistics activities. MILP is used because it is able to handle mathematical problems involving a combination of discrete and continuous variables, with an objective function structure and linear constraints. The results of the analysis show that in terms of utilization, there is a more even redistribution of production loads between facilities, as well as an increase in capacity utilization at facilities that were previously less than optimal. Meanwhile, in terms of costs, the total supply chain costs have been reduced by 4% or around 451 billion rupiahs, originating from production cost efficiency of 3% and distribution of 7% with the largest decrease was in the distribution of cement plant to packing plant, which was 44%. Meanwhile, carbon emissions with truck fleets, the largest decrease is in the distribution from the grinding plant to marketing cities by 52% with details of the original 84,469 lt.CO2-eq to 40,277 lt.CO2-eq. The largest decrease in carbon emissions with ship fleets is in the distribution of cement plant to grinding plant, which is 45% or 210,916 lt.CO2-eq. In the sensitivity analysis, the capacity of the supply facility can meet the demand when there is a 3% increase in demand. However, when there is a 4% increase in demand, the capacity of the supply facility cannot meet the demand and a shortage occurs.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi Karbon, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Supply Chain Cost, Optimasi Distribusi Semen; Carbon Emission, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Supply Chain Cost, Optimization Distribution of Cement
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory > Economic forecasting--Mathematical models. H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD38.5 Business logistics--Cost effectiveness. Supply chain management. ERP H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE147.6 Transportation--Planning
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Dwi Wulandari
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 06:47
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 06:47
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120815

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