Desain Pabrik Minyak Daun Cengkih Dengan Steam Distillation

Ramadhani, Diva Aurelia and Satriadi, Naila Choirunisa Jafna (2025) Desain Pabrik Minyak Daun Cengkih Dengan Steam Distillation. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara yang berpotensi dalam industri minyak atsiri, salah satunya berasal dari tanaman cengkih. Indonesia menjadi produsen cengkih terbesar di dunia dengan menyumbang sekitar 74,6% dari total produksi dunia. Komponen utama minyak cengkih, yaitu eugenol, banyak dimanfaatkan oleh industri di mana semakin tinggi kandungan eugenolnya, maka semakin baik kualitas dan nilai jualnya. Selain itu, sekitar 90% produksi minyak cengkih di Indonesia diekspor dalam bentuk minyak mentah. Oleh karena itu, pra desain pabrik minyak cengkih ini dibuat untuk memenuhi permintaan dalam negeri dan pasar internasional. Sumber minyak atsiri berasal dari daun tanaman cengkih yang sering hanya menjadi sampah. Kandungan minyak atsiri dalam daun cengkih sekitar 2-3% dengan kandungan eugenol sekitar 80-85%. Berdasarkan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), metode yang dipilih yaitu steam distillation untuk tahap penyulingan dan vacuum distillation untuk tahap purifikasi. Pabrik direncanakan didirikan di Kecamatan Doko, Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur pada tahun 2029. Produk dihasilkan dengan kandungan eugenol 98,099%, β-caryophyllene 1,704%, α-copaene 0,085%, methyl eugenol 0,063%, dan chavicol 0,049%. Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi yang telah dilakukan dengan waktu operasi 330 hari/tahun, hasil dari modal tetap (CAPEX) sebesar Rp45.489.464.553,02; biaya produksi (OPEX) sebesar Rp73.605.950.381,22; modal kerja (WC) sebesar Rp8.027.552.568,18; dan biaya produksi (TCI) sebesar Rp53.517.017.121,20; IRR 20,79%; BEP 35,27%; dan POT 4,97 tahun.
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Indonesia is a country with potential in the essential oil industry, one of which comes from the clove plant. Indonesia is the largest clove producer in the world, contributing around 74.6% of the total world production. The main component of clove oil, eugenol, is widely utilized by industries where the higher the eugenol content, the better the quality and selling value. In addition, about 90% of clove oil production in Indonesia is exported in the form of crude oil. Therefore, the pre-design of this clove oil plant is made to meet the domestic demand and international market. The source of essential oil comes from the leaves of the clove plant which are often just waste. The content of essential oil in clove leaves is around 2-3% with eugenol content around 80-85%. Based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the selected methods are steam distillation for the distillation stage and vacuum distillation for the purification stage. The plant is planned to be established in Doko District, Blitar Regency, East Java in 2029. The resulting product contains 98.099% eugenol, 1.704% β-caryophyllene, 0.085% α-copaene, 0.063% methyl eugenol, and 0.049% chavicol. Based on the economic analysis that has been carried out with an operating time of 330 days/year, Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) amounted to Rp45,489,464,553.02; Operating Expenditures (OPEX) amounted to Rp73,605,950,381.22; Working Capital (WC) amounted to Rp8,027,552,568.18; and Total Capital Investment (TCI) amounted to Rp53,517,017,121.20; IRR 20.79%; BEP 35.27%; and POT 4.97 years.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Minyak Daun Cengkih, Eugenol, Steam Distillation, Vacuum Distillation, Clove Leaf Oil
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Naila Choirunisa Jafna S.
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 07:42
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 07:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120834

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