Robby, Fadhil (2025) Evaluasi Koordinasi Proteksi Arus Lebih Akibat Miskoordinasi Pada PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Keandalan sistem kelistrikan merupakan aspek krusial dalam mendukung kontinuitas proses produksi industri. Gangguan pada sistem tenaga listrik seperti hubung singkat dan beban lebih dapat menyebabkan kerugian besar apabila tidak ditangani secara tepat dan cepat. Proteksi yang tidak terkoordinasi dengan baik berisiko menimbulkan miskoordinasi, di mana rele proteksi upstream bekerja lebih dulu dibanding downstream, sehingga memperluas area yang terdampak gangguan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi koordinasi proteksi arus lebih di PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda, khususnya pada kondisi eksisting yang menunjukkan indikasi miskoordinasi akibat ketidaktepatan setting rele. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pemodelan sistem kelistrikan menggunakan software ETAP 21.0.1, simulasi aliran daya dan arus hubung singkat, serta analisis koordinasi Time Current Characteristic (TCC) pada tiga tipikal sistem utama: PIM-1, PIM-2, dan NPK. Fokus evaluasi terletak pada setting rele 50/51 (gangguan fasa) dan 50G/51G (gangguan tanah), serta penyesuaian parameter overcurrent pickup, time dial, dan instantaneous pickup agar selektif, sensitif, dan sesuai standar. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa beberapa rele mengalami overlap kurva dan ketidaktepatan setting waktu, yang berpotensi menimbulkan kesalahan trip dan gangguan sistem. Rekomendasi setting baru disusun untuk meningkatkan keandalan dan selektivitas sistem proteksi.
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Electrical system reliability is a crucial aspect in supporting the continuity of industrial production processes. Disturbances in the power system such as short circuit and overload can cause major losses if not handled properly and quickly. Poorly coordinated protection risks causing miscoordination, where the upstream protection relay works before the downstream, thus expanding the area affected by the disturbance. This study aims to evaluate the coordination of overcurrent protection at PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda, especially in existing conditions that show indications of miscoordination due to inaccurate relay settings. The methods used include electrical system modeling using ETAP 21.0.1 software, simulation of power flow and short circuit current, and Time Current Characteristic (TCC) coordination analysis on three main system types: PIM-1, PIM-2, and NPK. The focus of the evaluation lies on the setting of relays 50/51 (phase fault) and 50G/51G (ground fault), as well as the adjustment of overcurrent pickup, time dial, and instantaneous pickup parameters to be selective, sensitive, and compliant. Simulation results show that some relays experience curve overlap and time setting inaccuracies, which have the potential to cause false tripping and system disturbances. New setting recommendations were developed to improve the reliability and selectivity of the protection system.
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