Bachtiar, Naura Zahra Febelycia (2025) Kajian Dampak Emisi Udara Pada Proses Pengolahan Gas Alam di PT Arsynergy Resources dengan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sebagai salah satu sumber energi utama, gas alam berperan penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan energi di berbagai sektor, termasuk industri, transportasi, pembangkit listrik, dan rumah tangga. Namun, proses produksinya menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dan polutan udara yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. PT Arsynergy Resources, yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur, mengolah gas alam sebesar 40 MMSCFD untuk menghasilkan produk LPG, kondensat, dan lean gas. Proses pengolahan gas alam di perusahaan ini melibatkan penggunaan energi dan bahan bakar yang dapat menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca serta polutan udara yang berdampak terhadap kualitas udara dan kesehatan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengevaluasi dampak emisi udara yang dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan gas alam dan menentukan alternatif perbaikan guna mengurangi emisi udara tersebut. Penelitian ini diawali dengan analisis beban emisi yang dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan gas alam, meliputi parameter udara CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, NOₓ, SO2, PM, dan CO. Selanjutnya dilakukan evaluasi dampak lingkungan menggunakan pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dengan batasan sistem gate to gate. Unit proses yang dianalisis mencakup scrubber, gas compressor, molecular sieve bed, turbo expander, deethanizer, debutanizer, hot oil system, dan flare. Pada tahap Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), disusun neraca massa berdasarkan data bahan baku, bahan bakar, energi, produk, serta hasil analisis beban emisi. Tahap Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) menggunakan metode CML-IA Baseline dengan pendekatan midpoint, mencakup kategori dampak Global Warming Potential (GWP100a), Acidification, Eutrophication, Photochemical Oxidation, Human Toxicity, dan Abiotic Depletion (Fossil Fuels). Hasil dari penelitian ini, didapatkan beban emisi dari proses pengolahan gas alam di PT Arsynergy Resources selama tahun 2024 sebesar 16944,42 ton CO2, 130,31 ton CO2 sekunder, 11,59 ton CH4, 0,290 ton N2O, 0,076 ton SO2, 84,55 ton NOx, 1,04 ton PM, dan 32,68 ton CO. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), proses pengolahan gas alam menghasilkan nilai dampak Global Warming Potentital (GWP100a) sebesar 63,11 kg CO2-eq/ton, Acidification sebesar 0,153 kg SO2-eq/ton, Eutrophication sebesar 0,040 kg PO4-eq/ton, Photochemical Oxidation sebesar 0,018 kg C2H4-eq/ton, Human Toxicity sebesar 0,369 kg 1,4-DCB-eq/ton, dan Abiotic Depletion (Fossil Fuels) sebesar 698,05 MJ/ton. Unit gas compressor memberikan kontribusi dampak lingkungan terbesar karena tingginya konsumsi fuel gas dan emisi yang dihasilkannya. Beberapa alternatif perbaikan yang direkomendasikan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan, yaitu penerapan sistem Waste Heat Recovery (WHR), pemanfaatan mikroalga sebagai alternatif Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), dan penerapan sistem Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR).
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As one of the main sources of energy, natural gas plays an important role in meeting energy needs in various sectors, including industry, transportation, power generation, and households. However, the production process produces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollutants that have a negative impact on the environment. PT Arsynergy Resources, located in Gresik Regency, East Java, processes 40 MMSCFD of natural gas to produce LPG, condensate, and lean gas products. The natural gas processing process at this company involves the use of energy and fuels that can produce greenhouse gas emissions as well as air pollutants that have an impact on air quality and public health. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the impact of air emissions generated from the natural gas processing process and determine alternative improvements to reduce these air emissions. This research began with an analysis of the emission burden resulting from the natural gas processing process, including the air parameters CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, NOₓ, SO2, PM, and CO. Furthermore, an environmental impact evaluation was carried out using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach with the limitations of the gate to gate system. The process units analyzed include scrubbers, gas compressors, molecular sieve beds, turbo expanders, deethanizers, debutanizers, hot oil systems, and flares. At the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) stage, the mass balance is prepared based on data on raw materials, fuels, energy, products, and the results of emission load analysis. The Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) stage uses the CML-IA Baseline method with a midpoint approach, covering the impact categories of Global Warming Potential (GWP100a), Acidification, Eutrophication, Photochemical Oxidation, Human Toxicity, and Abiotic Depletion (Fossil Fuels). As a result of this study, the emission burden from the natural gas processing process at PT Arsynergy Resources during 2024 was 16944.42 tons of CO2, 130.31 tons of secondary CO2, 11.59 tons of CH4, 0.290 tons of N2O, 0.076 tons of SO2, 84.55 tons of NOx, 1.04 tons of PM, and 32.68 tons of CO. Based on the results of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis, the natural gas processing process produced a Global Warming Potential impact value (GWP100a) of 63.11 kg CO2-eq/ton, Acidification was 0.153 kg SO2-eq, Eutrophication was 0.040 kg PO4 -eq/ton, Photochemical Oxidation was 0.018 kg C2H4-eq, Human Toxicity was 0.369 kg 1.4-DCB-eq/ton, and Abiotic Depletion (Fossil Fuels) was 698.05 MJ/ton. Gas compressor units contribute the greatest environmental impact due to the high consumption of fuel gas and the emissions it produces. Some of the recommended improvement alternatives to reduce environmental impact are the implementation of the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) system, the use of microalgae as an alternative to Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), and the implementation of the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Emisi Udara, Gas Alam, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Dampak lingkungan, CML-IA Baseline, Air Emissions, Natural gas, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Impact, CML-IA Baseline. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Naura Zahra Febelycia Bachtiar |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jul 2025 02:22 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jul 2025 02:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121024 |
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