Desain Pabrik Oksigen Dari Udara Atmosfer

Fiscasari, Radella Akmalia and Piero, Alessandro Del (2025) Desain Pabrik Oksigen Dari Udara Atmosfer. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Permintaan oksigen yang terus meningkat di sektor industri dan medis mendorong kebutuhan akan pembangunan pabrik oksigen yang efisien dan berkelanjutan. Perancangan pabrik oksigen dengan kapasitas 39.000 ton per tahun menggunakan teknologi distilasi kriogenik dipilih berdasarkan evaluasi komparatif terhadap berbagai metode pemisahan udara. Teknologi ini dinilai paling unggul dalam menghasilkan oksigen dengan kemurnian tinggi serta efisien untuk skala produksi besar. Pemilihan lokasi pabrik di Kota Cilegon, Provinsi Banten, dilakukan melalui pendekatan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), mempertimbangkan ketersediaan utilitas, infrastruktur, akses pasar, dan potensi tenaga kerja. Udara atmosferik digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah dan tidak memerlukan biaya akuisisi. Desain proses yang dirumuskan mencakup tahapan kompresi, pendinginan, dan pemisahan berdasarkan perbedaan titik didih, yang mampu menghasilkan oksigen, nitrogen, dan argon sesuai dengan standar industri dan medis. Berdasarkan serangkaian proses yang sudah dilakukan untuk memproduksi 39.000 ton oksigen/tahun diperlukan udara sebanyak 171.052,63 ton udara/tahun. Proses yang dilakukan juga menghasilkan produk samping berupa nitrogen dan argon sebanyak 128.869,73 ton dan 2.155,26 ton. Spesifikasi produk yang dihasilkan yaitu dengan produk oksigen sebesar 10 bar dan -181,9 oC, nitrogen sebesar 1.1 bar dan -195,1 oC, dan argon sebesar 10 bar dan -156,7 oC sudah memenuhi standar dan layak untuk dijual, sehingga pabrik ini layak dari segi teknik. Berdasarkana analisis ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan CAPEX sebesar Rp. 716.920.575.815 dan OPEX Rp.183.992.486.369. Diestimasikan umur pabrik adalah 15 tahun dan waktu pengembalian pinjaman adalah 10 tahun sehingga didapat net present value senilai p.526.586.116.890 dengan IRR sebesar 11,85%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik oksigen dengan kapasitas 39.000 ton/tahun yang berletak di Cilegon dapat dibangun. Perancangan ini diharapkan mampu mendukung kebutuhan nasional, mengurangi ketergantungan impor, dan memberikan kontribusi terhadap penguatan industri gas di Indonesia.
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The increasing demand for oxygen in both industrial and medical sectors drives the need for the development of efficient and sustainable oxygen plants. The design of an oxygen plant with a capacity of 39.000 tons per year using cryogenic distillation technology was selected based on a comparative evaluation of various air separation methods. This technology was deemed the most superior in producing high-purity oxygen and is efficient for large-scale production. The plant location in Cilegon City, Banten Province, was determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), considering the availability of utilities, infrastructure, market access, and labor potential. Atmospheric air was selected as the main raw material due to its abundance and the absence of acquisition costs. The formulated process design includes compression, cooling, and separation stages based on differences in boiling points, which can produce oxygen, nitrogen, and argon that meet industrial and medical standards. Based on the overall process, the production of 39.000 tons of oxygen per year requires 171.052,63 tons of air annually. The process also yields by products in the form of 128.869,73 tons of nitrogen and 2.155,26 tons of argon. The product specifications oxygen at 10 bar and -181,9°C, nitrogen at 1,1 bar and -195,1°C, and argon at 10 bar and -156,7°C comply with applicable standards and are suitable for commercial distribution, confirming the plant's technical feasibility. According to the economic analysis, the estimated capital expenditure (CAPEX) is Rp. 716.920.575.815 and operational expenditure (OPEX) is Rp. 183.992.486.369. The plant is estimated to have a lifespan of 15 years with a loan repayment period of 10 years, resulting in a net present value (NPV) of Rp. 526.586.116.890 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 11,85%. Based on these calculations, it can be concluded that the oxygen plant with a capacity of 39.000 tons per year, located in Cilegon, is feasible for development. This design is expected to support national needs, reduce import dependence, and contribute to strengthening the industrial gas sector in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Oksigen, Nitrogen, Argon, Kriogenik, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon, Cryogenic.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Alessandro Del Piero
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2025 08:53
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2025 08:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121258

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