Studi Numerik Empat Turbin Savonius Hidrokinetik Dalam Konfigurasi Staggered Counter-Rotating Pada Kanal Air Pendingin PLTU Paiton

Muslihan, Muhammad Hadyan (2025) Studi Numerik Empat Turbin Savonius Hidrokinetik Dalam Konfigurasi Staggered Counter-Rotating Pada Kanal Air Pendingin PLTU Paiton. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Krisis energi global telah mendorong transisi menuju energi terbarukan, termasuk pengembangan turbin hidrokinetik sebagai solusi yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis performa turbin hidrokinetik Savonius yang dipasang pada kanal air pendingin PLTU Paiton. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dengan mengetahui fenomena empat turbin pada kanal air diharapkan dapat memaksimalkan jumlah turbin pada kanal sehingga energi yang dihasilkan lebih banyak. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi numerik 2D dengan perangkat lunak ANSYS Fluent 2023 R2 dengan turbuance viscous model k-epsilon realizable. Penelitian ini berfokus pada evaluasi pengaruh jarak antar turbin (S/D) terhadap efisiensi dan kinerja sistem yang dilakukan pada kanal air pendingin PLTU Paiton dengan ukuran 15.000 mm x 10.000 mm dan kecepatan aliran air sebesar 2 m/s. Dua konfigurasi diuji, yaitu turbin yang disusun secara berjenjang dengan rotasi searah dan berlawanan arah dengan variasi jarak antar turbin (S/D) yang digunakan adalah 2,1 - 16,86 dengan rentang TSR 0,4 – 1,2. Turbin yang digunakan adalah turbin Savonius dengan dua sudu, memiliki diameter sudu 578 mm, diameter poros 40 mm, tebal sudu 8 mm. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada jarak S/D = 2,1 keempat turbin memiliki performa dibawah turbin tunggal. Hal ini dikareanakan jarak antar turbin yang sangat dekat sehingga keempat turbin saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain. Pada jarak S/D = 3,46 dan 5,19 terjadinya interaksi positif dari keempat turbin. Performa pada masing masing turbin meningkat dibandingkan variasi terdekat. Jarak S/D = 6,92; 8,65; 10,38; dan 12,11 adanya peningkatan performa turbin 1, turbin 2 dan turbin 3 dibandingkan variasi sebelumnya. Peningkatan performa pada ketiga turbin dipengaruhi oleh celah antar turbin, namun hal ini membuat wake dari turbin 1 mempengaruhi turbin 4 sehingga performa turbin 4 rendah. Jarak S/D = 13,84 performa turbin 1, turbin 2, dan turbin 3 memiliki performa diatas turbin tunggal dan ada kenaikan performa pada turbin 4 namun masih dibawah performa turbin tunggal. Jarak 15,57 merupakan jarak yang paling optimal namun turbin 4 masih berada dibawah performa turbin tunggal. Jarak S/D = 16,86 mengalami penurunan performa pada turbin 3 dibawah turbin tunggal.
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The global energy crisis has driven the transition to renewable energy, including the development of hydrokinetic turbines as an environmentally friendly and sustainable solution. This study aims to analyze the performance of the Savonius hydrokinetic turbine installed in the cooling water channel of the Paiton Power Plant. The purpose of this study is to determine the phenomenon of four turbines in the water channel, which is expected to maximize the number of turbines
in the channel so that more energy is produced. This study uses 2D numerical simulation with ANSYS Fluent 2023 R2 software with a realizable turbulence viscous k-epsilon model. This study focuses on evaluating the effect of the distance between turbines (S/D) on the efficiency and performance of the system carried out on the cooling water channel of the Paiton Power Plant with dimensions of 15,000 mm x 10,000 mm and a water flow velocity of 2 m/s. Two configurations were tested, namely turbines arranged in stages with rotation in the same direction and in the opposite direction with variations in the distance between turbines (S/D) used being 2.1 - 16.86 with a TSR range of 0.4 - 1.2. The turbine used is a Savonius turbine with two blades, has a blade diameter of 578 mm, a shaft diameter of 40 mm, and a blade thickness of 8 mm. The results obtained in this research are at a distance of S/D = 2.1, the four turbines have performance below a single turbine. This is because the distance between the turbines is very close so that the four turbines influence each other. At a distance of S/D = 3.46 and 5.19, there is a positive interaction from the fourth turbine. The performance of each turbine increases compared to the closest variation. Distance S/D = 6.92; 8.65; 10.38; and 12.11 there is an increase in the performance of turbine 1, turbine 2 and turbine 3 compared to the previous variation. The increase in performance on the third turbine is influenced by the gap between the turbines, but this makes the wake of turbine 1 affect turbine 4 so that the performance of turbine 4 is low. Distance S/D = 13.84 the performance of turbine 1, turbine 2, and turbine 3 has performance above a single turbine and there is an increase in performance on turbine 4 but still below the performance of a single turbine. A distance of 15.57 is the most optimal distance but turbine 4 is still below the performance of a single turbine. The S/D distance = 16.86 shows a decrease in performance in turbine 3 below the single turbine.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Turbin Savonius, Hidrokinetik, Staggered, Counter-rotating, PLTU Paiton, Savonius Turbine, Hydrokinetice, Staggered, Counter-rotating, Paiton Power Plant
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Hadyan Muslihan
Date Deposited:	25 Jul 2025 08:56
Last Modified:	25 Jul 2025 08:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121644

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