Kajian Dampak Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) Pada Proses Produksi Infus Di PT X Berbasis Life Cycle Assesment (LCA)

Dharmawan, Henry Anugerah (2025) Kajian Dampak Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) Pada Proses Produksi Infus Di PT X Berbasis Life Cycle Assesment (LCA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Akumulasi gas rumah kaca (GRK) menyebabkan pemanasan global yang memicu perubahan iklim. Di Indonesia, sektor energi berkontribusi terhadap emisi GRK nasional sebesar 34,2%, diikuti dengan sektor hutan dan penggunaan lahan lainnya sebesar 25,1%, sektor kebakaran hutan dan lahan sebesar 24,5%, sektor limbah sebesar 7,2%, sektor pertanian sebesar 5,8%, dan sektor IPPU sebesar 3,2%. Keberadaan sektor bisnis sangat penting bagi suatu negara karena dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi negara. Namun di sisi lain, keberadaan emisi GRK yang tidak terkendali dapat meningkatkan pemanasan global. Indonesia mencanangkan perununan emisi GRK sebesar 31,89% pada tahun 2030 dengan upaya sendiri, dibandingkan scenario Business as Usual (BAU). Upaya penurunan emisi GRK menjadi tanggung jawab setiap badan usaha yang menghasilkan emisi. Hal ini sejalan dengan Permen LHK No. 1 tahun 2021 terkait PROPER. Keterkaitan PROPER dan LCA dapat dikaitkan pada proses rekomendasi perbaikan pada sistem produksi perusahaan. Dengan begitu, LCA akan digunakan untuk menentukan dampak lingkungan PT X. Kemudian, melalui hasil LCA akan ditentukan perbaikan rekomendasi untuk PT X dalam mereduksi dampak lingkungan.
Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal data sekunder PT X, yang terdiri dari kebutuhan bahan bakar, penggunaan listrik, dan kandungan COD. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan beban emisi PT X terutama berasal dari emisi dari scope sebesar 1 3.583,2 ton CO2eq/tahun dan scope 2 sebesar 12.673,2 ton CO2eq/tahun. Sumber emisi GRK PT X adalah dari unit pembakaran dalam, pembakaran luar, pembakaran bergerak, emisi fugitive langsung, dan pembelian listrik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis benchmarking terkait emisi GRK, penggunaan energi, dan penggunaan air PT X berada pada peringkat 25% terbaik. Hal tersebut menunjukkan upaya PT X dalam bertanggung jawab pada lingkungan. Adapun kategori dampak yang dikaji pada penelitian ini adalah global warming dan stratospheric ozone depletion. Beban emisi GRK berkontribusi terhadap global warming, sedangkan emisi N2O umumnya menjadi kontributor utama dalam stratospheric ozone depletion. Melalui pendekatan secara endpoint PT X menghasilkan dampak human health dan ecosystem quality.
Hasil analisis dampak pada SimaPro pada tahap akhir, yakni pembobotan dampak menunjukkan bahwa dampak human health sebesar 6,62 kPt dan dampak ecosystem quality sebesar 5,97 kPt. Dampak ini menunjukkan kontribusi PT X pada proses produksi larutan infus. Dengan begitu, untuk menurunkan dampak lingkungan dilakukan rekomendasi perbaikan terkait pemasangan panel surya sebesar 1,144 MWp dan penggantian forklift elektik. Hasil perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa rekomendasi perbaikan efektif untuk menurunkan dampak lingkungan 9,8% pada kategori human health dan ecosystem quality.
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The accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) causes global warming, triggering climate change. In Indonesia, the energy sector contributes 34.2% of national GHG emissions, followed by the forestry and other land use sector at 25.1%, the forest and land fire sector at 24.5%, the waste sector at 7.2%, the agriculture sector at 5.8%, and the IPPU sector at 3.2%. The presence of the business sector is significant for a country because it can increase its economic income. However, uncontrolled GHG emissions can increase global warming. Indonesia has set a target to reduce GHG emissions by 31.89% by 2030 through its efforts, compared to the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. Efforts to reduce GHG emissions are the responsibility of every business entity that produces emissions. These align with Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 1 of 2021 regarding PROPER. The connection between PROPER and LCA can be linked to recommending improvements to a company's production system. Thus, LCA will be used to determine the environmental impact of PT X. Subsequently, based on the LCA results, improvement recommendations will be determined for PT X to reduce its environmental impact.
This study obtained data from PT X's secondary data, including fuel requirements, electricity usage, and COD content. The calculation results showed that PT X's emission load mainly came from scope 1 emissions of 3,583.2 tons of CO2eq/year and scope 2 emissions of 12,673.2 tons of CO2eq/year. PT X's GHG emission sources are from internal combustion units, external combustion, mobile combustion, direct fugitive emissions, and electricity purchases. Based on the results of benchmarking analysis related to GHG emissions, energy use, and water use, PT X ranks in the top 25%. PT X's commitment to environmental responsibility is evident in this initiative. The impact categories examined in this study are global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contribute to global warming, while nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are typically the primary contributor to stratospheric ozone depletion. PT X impacts human health and ecosystem quality through an endpoint approach.
A final analysis of the impact on SimaPro, specifically the impact weighting, shows that the impact on human health is 6.62 kPt and the impact on ecosystem quality is 5.97 kPt. These impacts demonstrate PT X's contribution to the infusion solution production process. Therefore, recommendations have been made to reduce the environmental impact by installing 1.144 MWp of solar panels and replacing electric forklifts. The comparison results show that the recommended improvements effectively reduce environmental impacts by 9.8% in human health and ecosystem quality categories.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	LCA, emisi GRK, analisis dampak lingkungan, LCA, GHG emissions, environmental impact assesment
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD171.75 Climate change mitigation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Henry Anugerah D
Date Deposited:	25 Jul 2025 06:50
Last Modified:	25 Jul 2025 06:50
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121775

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