Harijawan, Jonathan Kevin (2025) Evaluation Of Seismic Damage In Low-rise Structures Based On The Park-Ang Damage Index. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia terletak di salah satu wilayah yang paling aktif secara seismik di dunia. Banyaknya struktur bertingkat rendah yang tidak direncanakan secara teknis memperburuk bahaya seismik di wilayah ini. Performa seismik dengan mengkuantifikasi kerusakan telah banyak dipelajari untuk mengevaluasi dan memitigasi bahaya tersebut. Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengusulkan dan memanfaatkan sebuah prosedur analisis nonlinear sederhana untuk menghitung indeks kerusakan Park-Ang, berdasarkan analisis pushover, perpindahan target yang dihitung menggunakan metode N2 oleh Peter Fajfar, Capacity Spectrum Method dalam FEMA 440, dan Displacement Coeficient Method dalam ASCE 41-13, diterapkan pada bangunan sederhana rendah di Indonesia. Adapun 9 model yang terdiri dari kombinasi tiga konfigurasi denah (dua, satu, dan nol sumbu simetri) dan tiga ketinggian (satu, dua, dan tiga lantai) telah dievaluasi. Sampel satu lantai juga secara alternatif dimodelkan dengan komposit infill-frame menggunakan elemen strut ekivalen dan cangkang berlapis. Lebih lanjut lagi, tiga perbaikan parametrik dilakukan pada salah satu sampel terpilih. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sampel dua lantai memiliki indeks kerusakan tertinggi karena periode naturalnya mirip dengan periode karakteristik gempa. Model infill-frame dengan element strut ekivalen memiliki periode paling kecil sehingga dapat berespon secara kaku terhadap gempa tanpa kerusakan. Sampel yang diperbaiki secara parametrik secara umum menunjukkan respon lebih baik daripada sampel kontrol. Terakhir, pemodelan dengan elemen cangkang berlapis mengalami permasalahan konvergensi, menunjukkan limitasi pendekatan pemodelan makro.
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Indonesia lies in one of the most seismically active regions on earth. The prevalence of low-rise structures that are not seismically engineered further exacerbates the seismic risk in the region. Seismic performance by quantifying damage has been commonly studied to evaluate and mitigate such hazard. This study is intended to propose and utilize a simple nonlinear analysis procedure to calculate the well-known Park-Ang damage index, based on the pushover analysis, target displacement calculated using the N2 method proposed by Peter Fajfar, capacity spectrum method in FEMA 440, and displacement coefficient method in ASCE 41-13, applied to low-rise simple structures in Indonesia. Furthermore, nine models consisting of combinations of three floorplan configuration (two, one, and zero axis of symmetry) and three story heights (one-, two-, and three-story) have been evaluated. The one-story samples have been alternatively modeled with infill-frame composite using equivalent strut and layered shell elements. In addition to that, three parametric improvements have been made to a selected sample. The results show that the two-story samples have the highest damage indices due to their natural periods resembling that of the earthquake’s characteristic period. The infill-frame models with equivalent strut elements have the smallest periods therefore could response rigidly to the earthquake without any damage. The parametric improved samples generally show better response than the control sample. Lastly, the layered shell elements modeling faced some convergence issues, highlighting the limitation of macro-modeling approaches.
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