Perencanaan Breakwater Untuk Kapal 12.000 DWT Di Terminal Khusus Binjeita, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow

Dharmapatni, Ni Made Cista Savitri (2025) Perencanaan Breakwater Untuk Kapal 12.000 DWT Di Terminal Khusus Binjeita, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan listrik nasional terus meningkat sehingga pemerintah terus berupaya untuk menyediakan akses listrik secara merata di seluruh pelosok Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Sulut-1 di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan batu bara PLTU tersebut, disediakan Terminal Khusus (Tersus) Binjeita dengan kapal rencana berupa kapal tongkang dengan kapasitas 12.000 DWT. Dermaga Tersus Binjeita telah selesai dibangun pada tahun 2024 dan beroperasi pada tahun 2025. Akan tetapi, Tersus ini belum memiliki struktur breakwater yang dapat melindungi dermaga dari gelombang besar sehingga pelabuhan dapat beroperasi dengan optimal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perencanaan breakwater di area perairan Tersus Binjeita. Perencanaan ini akan mencakup evaluasi dan rekomendasi layout perairan, perencanaan layout dan struktur breakwater,penentuan metode pelaksanaan, dan perhitungan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB). Perencanaan ini didasarkan pada data sekunder seperti data arus, pasang surut, batimetri, angin, tanah, kapal, dan masterplan pelabuhan. Data-data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dan akan dijadikan dasar perencanaan breakwater yang sesuai dengan standar yang dikeluarkan lembaga seperti British Standard Institution (BSI), Overseas Costal Area Development Institute of Japan (OCDI), International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), PIANC, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), dan sebagainya.
Dari peramalan gelombang, diperoleh bahwa terdapat 32,9% kejadian tinggi gelombang melebihi izin ketenangan perairan di depan dermaga, yaitu 0,5 m. Oleh karena itu, Tersus Binjeita memerlukan breakwater agar dapat beroperasi dengan lebih optimal. Panjang total breakwater yang direncanakan sebesar 910 m dengan 0,06% jumlah kejadian tinggi gelombang melebihi 0,5 m. Puncak breakwater direncanakan pada elevasi +6,00 mLLWL yang memungkinkan terjadi overtopping. Breakwater kemudian dibagi menjadi 6 section dalam perencanaan struktur. Section 1 sampai 5 menggunakan tipe vertikal dengan menggunakan sheet pile dan anchor pile yang disatukan dengan bulkhead di bagian atasnya. Diameter sheet pile yang digunakan adalah 1,2 m dengan tebal 20 mm dan 15 mm. Sementara untuk anchor pile digunakan diameter 0,8 m dengan tebal 15 mm. Adapun bulkhead direncanakan sebagai balok dengan tulangan lentur 25 D29, tulangan sengkang 5 D25, dan tulangan samping 4 D25. Section 6 menggunakan tipe rubblemound karena kedalamannya yang dangkal. Rubblemound direncanakan memiliki 3 lapis dengan berat batuan armor sebesar 9.000 – 9.500 kg, lapisan antara sebesar 450 – 500 kg, dan lapisan inti sebesar 15 – 20 kg. Perencanaan ini juga mencakup toe protection dengan berat batuan sebesar 450 – 500 kg. Dengan struktur yang direncanakan, total biaya yang dibutuhkan adalah sebesar Rp716.480.541.000,00 atau terbilang Tujuh Ratus Enam Belas Miliar Empat Ratus Delapan Puluh Juta Lima Ratus Empat Puluh Satu Ribu Rupiah.
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The national electricity demand continues to increase, prompting the government to provide equitable access to electricity across Indonesia. One example is the establishment of the Sulut-1 Coal-Fired Power Plant (PLTU) in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi Province. To meet the coal supply needs of this power plant, the special terminal has been established, with maximum vessel a barge with a capacity of 12.000 DWT. The jetty was completed in 2024 and operates in 2025. However, this terminal currently does not have any breakwater structure to protect the berth from large waves, ensuring optimal port operations. Therefore, a breakwater design is needed for the Binjeita Special Terminal. This planning will include evaluations and recommendations for the layout, the design of breakwater layout and structure, construction method, and cost estimation plan. The planning process will be based on secondary data such as current, tides, bathymetry, wind, soil, ship, and port masterplan data. These data will be analyzed and used as the basis for the design of breakwater in accordance with standards issued by organizations such as the British Standard Institution (BSI), Overseas Coastal Area Development Institute of Japan (OCDI), International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), PIANC, and National Standardization Agency of Indonesia (BSN), and others.
Based on wave hindcasting result, 32,9% of wave height occurrences exceed the acceptable limit for calm water condition in berth basin, which is 0,5 m. Therefore, a breakwater is required at Binjeita Special Terminal to enable more optimal port operations. The total planned breakwater length is 910 meters, with only 0,06% of wave height occurrences expected to exceed 0,5 m after the construction. The breakwater crest is designed at elevation +6,00 mLLWL, which allows for overtopping to happen. The breakwater is divided into six sections for structural design. Section 1 to 5 use the vertical type, consisting of sheet piles and anchor piles connected at the top with bulkhead. The sheet piles are designed with 1,2 m of diameter and 15 mm thickness, while the anchor piles are designed with 0,8 m of diameter and 15 mm thickness. The bulkhead is designed as beam reinforced with 25 D29, 5 D25, and 4 D25. Section 6 uses rubble mound type due to its shallow water depth. The rubble mound is designed with three layers; an armor layer with weight of 9.000 – 9.500 kg, secondary layer of 450 – 400 kg, and core layer of 15 - 20 kg. The total estimated construction cost of the designed structure is Rp716.480.541.000,00.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Breakwater, Kapal Tongkang, Sheet Pile, Terminal Khusus, Barge, Breakwater, Sheet Pile, Special Terminal
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC203.5 Coastal engineering T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC205 Harbors--Design and construction. T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC333 Breakwaters
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ni Made Cista Savitri Dharmapatni
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2025 08:31
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2025 08:31
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/122621

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