Studi Eksperimen Peningkatan Performa Panel Photovoltaic Menggunakan Natural Fiber dengan Sistem Pendinginan Pasif

Rizwan, Teten (2025) Studi Eksperimen Peningkatan Performa Panel Photovoltaic Menggunakan Natural Fiber dengan Sistem Pendinginan Pasif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Panel photovoltaic merupakan salah satu energi baru terbarukan yang mengonversi energi matahari menjadi energi listrik. Kinerja sistem photovoltaic secara intensif tergantung pada temperatur modul photovoltaic. Peningkatan pada suhu sel photovoltaic dapat menurunkan efisiensi dan daya keluaran. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan studi eksperimen pengaruh pendinginan pasif menggunakan natural fiber terhadap performa panel photovoltaic. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Atap Gedung Departemen Teknik Mesin dengan garis lintang 7°17'03.9" dan garis bujur 112°47'47.0" selama tiga hari untuk masing-masing variasi pengujian (serat kelapa sawit dan ampas tebu) dari pukul 08.00 WIB-15.00 WIB. Pengambilan data dilakukan setiap interval setengah jam untuk semua variabel yang diukur. Natural fiber yang digunakan adalah serat kelapa sawit dan ampas tebu yang menjadi limbah tidak terpakai hasil pengolahan industri. Sistem pendinginan pasif (pendinginan evaporatif) bekerja berdasarkan aksi kapiler yang dapat berjalan dengan bantuan gaya gravitasi. Natural fiber ditempatkan sedemikian rupa, bagian atasnya ditempatkan pada bak penampung sehingga gejala kapilaritas dapat terjadi. Air ditransfer secara kapilaritas dari bak penampung ke seluruh bagian natural fiber di bagian belakang panel photovoltaic. Pada bagian bawah bawah bingkai alumunium panel photovoltaic disediakan sebuah lubang kecil untuk pipa elastis mengambil kembali air dan menampungnya dibagian bawah instalasi panel photovoltaic. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, panel photovoltaic dengan pendinginan serat kelapa sawit dapat menurunkan temperatur permukaan modul hingga 20,82%, sedangkan untuk variasi ampas tebu hanya 3,38%. Sehingga, panel photovoltaic dengan pendinginan serat kelapa sawit dapat meningkatkan daya luaran 7,29% dengan peningkatan efisiensi modul 7,2%. Sedangkan untuk pendinginan menggunakan ampas tebu, peningkatan daya luaran dan efisiensi modul secara berurutan sebesar 3,79% dan 1,51%. Hal ini dapat divaliasi secara fisik dari water consumtion tiap variasi pengujian, dimana, dimana pada panel photovoltaic dengan pendinginan serat kelapa sawit sebesar 0,43 L⁄jam, tetapi pendinginan ampas tebu hanya 0,15 L⁄jam selama pengujian.
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Photovoltaic panels are one of the renewable energy sources that convert solar energy into electrical energy. The performance of photovoltaic systems heavily depends on the temperature of the photovoltaic module. An increase in the temperature of photovoltaic cells can reduce their efficiency and power output. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted to examine the effect of passive cooling using natural fibers on the performance of photovoltaic panels. The experiment was carried out on the rooftop of the Mechanical Engineering Department building, located at latitude 7°17'03.9" and longitude 112°47'47.0", over three days for each testing variation (oil palm fiber and sugarcane bagasse), from 08:00 AM to 03:00 PM local time. Data collection was conducted at half-hour intervals for all measured variables. The natural fibers used were oil palm fiber and sugarcane bagasse, which are waste by-products from industrial processing. The passive cooling system (evaporative cooling) works based on capillary action, which is assisted by gravitational force. The natural fibers were positioned such that their upper parts were placed in a water reservoir, allowing capillarity to occur. Water was transferred by capillary action from the reservoir throughout the natural fibers located on the back of the photovoltaic panel. At the bottom of the photovoltaic panel’s aluminum frame, a small hole was provided for a flexible pipe to collect and store the water at the base of the panel installation. Based on the research results, photovoltaic panels with oil palm fiber cooling were able to reduce the module surface temperature by up to 20.82%, %, whereas the sugarcane bagasse variation achieved only a 3.38% reduction. Consequently, the photovoltaic panel with oil palm fiber cooling increased the output power by 7.29% and improved the module efficiency by 7.2%. In comparison, cooling using sugarcane bagasse resulted in a power output increase of 3.79% and a module efficiency improvement of 1.51%. This can be physically validated through water consumption for each test variation, where the photovoltaic panel with oil palm fiber cooling used 0,43 L⁄jam, while the sugarcane bagasse cooling consumed only 0,15 L⁄jam during the experiment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	panel photovoltaic,serat kelapa sawit,ampas tebu,pendinginan pasif,aksi kapiler, panel photovoltaic,oil palm fiber,bagasse fiber,passive cooling,capillary action
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2960 Dye-sensitized solar cells. Solar batteries. Solar cells
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Teten Rizwan
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2025 06:48
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2025 06:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/122699

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