Operational Risk Management In Fuel Reception, Storage, And Distribution: A Case Study Of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga

Vitto Nabilla, Kanaya (2025) Operational Risk Management In Fuel Reception, Storage, And Distribution: A Case Study Of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Operations involving fuel management in the downstream oil and gas sector (especially during reception, storage, and distribution) are naturally subject to operational risks like fire hazards, vapor leaks, static discharge, and equipment breakdown. If not handled correctly, these risks can jeopardize safety, environmental integrity, and operational dependability, particularly in high-throughput terminals. This research aimed to analyze and reduce operational risks at the Integrated Terminal Balikpapan, which is managed by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga. The main objective was to pinpoint critical failure modes throughout the terminal operations and suggest targeted mitigation strategies that are both effective and practical. The research utilized the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method to identify and evaluate risks within the terminal’s main processes. Through field observations, document reviews, and expert interviews, a total of 153 operational risks were identified. Each risk was assessed based on its severity, likelihood of occurrence, and detectability, leading to the calculation of a Risk Priority Number (RPN). From this, 14 high-priority risks were chosen for a more detailed analysis using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which helped prioritize three mitigation options for each risk based on effectiveness, cost, and implementation time. The analysis showed that engineering-based preventive measures (like grounding systems, flame arresters, lightning protection, and automated shutdowns) were consistently viewed as the most effective solutions. These results highlight the importance of technical safeguards in high-risk areas and emphasize the need for resilient infrastructure as a main factor in reducing risks. The combined use of FMEA and AHP proved to be a solid framework for systematic risk prioritization and treatment planning. This study offers a replicable decision-making model for managing operational risks in downstream fuel terminals, promoting a more proactive and data-driven approach to safety interventions.
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Operasi yang melibatkan pengelolaan bahan bakar di sektor hilir industri minyak dan gas (khususnya pada tahap penerimaan, penimbunan, dan distribusi) secara alami memiliki risiko operasional seperti bahaya kebakaran, kebocoran uap, pelepasan muatan statis, dan kerusakan peralatan. Jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, risiko-risiko ini dapat membahayakan keselamatan, integritas lingkungan, dan keandalan operasional, terutama di terminal dengan volume aktivitas tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengurangi risiko operasional di Integrated Terminal Balikpapan yang dikelola oleh PT Pertamina Patra Niaga. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk mengidentifikasi mode kegagalan kritis dalam keseluruhan operasi terminal dan menyusun strategi mitigasi yang ditargetkan, efektif, dan aplikatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi risiko dalam proses utama di terminal. Melalui observasi lapangan, telaah dokumen, dan wawancara dengan para ahli, total sebanyak 153 risiko operasional berhasil diidentifikasi. Setiap risiko dievaluasi berdasarkan tingkat keparahan (severity), kemungkinan terjadi (likelihood), dan keterdeteksian (detection), yang kemudian digunakan untuk menghitung Risk Priority Number (RPN). Dari hasil tersebut, 14 risiko prioritas tinggi dipilih untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), yang digunakan untuk memprioritaskan tiga opsi mitigasi untuk setiap risiko berdasarkan efektivitas, biaya, dan waktu implementasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tindakan pencegahan berbasis rekayasa teknis (seperti sistem pentanahan, flame arrester, pelindung petir, dan sistem penghentian otomatis) secara konsisten dipandang sebagai solusi yang paling efektif. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya perlindungan teknis di area berisiko tinggi dan menyoroti kebutuhan akan infrastruktur yang tangguh sebagai faktor utama dalam pengurangan risiko. Kombinasi metode FMEA dan AHP terbukti menjadi kerangka kerja yang solid untuk memprioritaskan risiko secara sistematis dan merencanakan penanganannya. Studi ini menawarkan model pengambilan keputusan yang dapat direplikasi dalam pengelolaan risiko operasional di terminal bahan bakar hilir, serta mendorong pendekatan yang lebih proaktif dan berbasis data dalam intervensi keselamatan.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Operational Risk Management, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Reception Storage and Distribution Process, Oil and Gas Industry, Refined Petroleum Products Manajemen Risiko Operasional, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Penerimaan Penimbunan dan Penyaluran, Industri Minyak dan Gas, Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Kanaya Vitto Nabilla
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2025 09:38
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2025 09:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/122767

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