Penyusunan Kerangka Pengembangan Model Bisnis Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS)

Sari, Lelli Kurnia (2025) Penyusunan Kerangka Pengembangan Model Bisnis Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perkembangan Revolusi Industri 4.0 telah mendorong transformasi dari Product-Service System (PSS) menjadi Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS), yang mengintegrasikan produk dengan sensor, perangkat lunak, dan konektivitas digital. Integrasi ini memungkinkan perusahaan mengumpulkan dan memanfaatkan data secara real-time untuk menyediakan layanan yang dipersonalisasi dan bernilai tambah. Business Model Canvas (BMC) merupakan kerangka yang banyak digunakan dalam merancang model bisnis lintas sektor. Namun, dalam konteks Smart PSS yang melibatkan integrasi produk cerdas, layanan digital, co-creation, serta monetisasi data, beberapa elemen penting belum secara eksplisit tercakup dalam BMC, terutama pada blok seperti revenue streams, key activities, dan customer relationships. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penyesuaian dan penambahan elemen dalam setiap blok untuk menjembatani kekosongan representasi terhadap kompleksitas Smart PSS.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan kerangka model bisnis Smart PSS yang relevan secara teoritis dan aplikatif secara praktis. Proses pengembangan dilakukan melalui Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 121 artikel, yang disaring menjadi 24 jurnal terpilih dan menghasilkan 23 elemen model bisnis. Elemen-elemen ini kemudian dipetakan ke dalam sembilan blok BMC berdasarkan proses identifikasi dan pemetaan tematik yang sistematis dengan mencocokkan hasil identifikasi elemen dari SLR ke dalam blok-blok BMC berdasarkan definisi fungsional dan konteks penerapan dalam Smart PSS. Validasi dilakukan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan empat praktisi lintas bidang, serta penilaian kuantitatif menggunakan Content Validity Index (CVI) dan Cronbach’s Alpha. Enam elemen dengan skor CVI di bawah ambang meliputi Smart Product & Services Integration, Personalized & Recommendation Services, Digital Marketing, User-Friendly Services, Service Benefits, dan Technical Infrastructure tetap dipertahankan setelah pengkajian substansial, dan didukung nilai reliabilitas tinggi (α = 0,88).
Kerangka akhir disusun dengan mengadaptasi pendekatan Business Model Navigator (BMN) dan ditambah dua tahapan penting, yaitu Sustainability Aspect Identification dan Key Metrics Assessment. Kerangka ini terdiri atas empat fase, meliputi Inisiasi, Ideasi, Integrasi, dan Implementasi. Sebagai validasi awal, kerangka diuji melalui studi kasus aplikasi Carlink di industri otomotif. Evaluasi terhadap dua dimensi, yakni Efikasi Aktual dan Niat Penggunaan, menunjukkan hasil positif. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kerangka yang dikembangkan dapat dijadikan acuan awal, meskipun pengujian lintas sektor industri tetap diperlukan untuk memperkuat generalisasi.
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The development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has driven the transformation from a Product-Service System (PSS) to a Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS), which integrates products with sensors, software, and digital connectivity. This integration allows companies to collect and leverage data in real-time to provide personalized and value-added services. The Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a framework that is widely used in designing business models across sectors. However, in the context of Smart PSS which involves the integration of smart products, digital services, co-creation, and data monetization, some important elements have not been explicitly covered in the BMC, especially in blocks such as revenue streams, key activities, and customer relationships. Therefore, it takes adjustment and the addition of elements in each block to bridge the representation gap to the complexity of Smart PSS.
This research aims to develop a framework for Smart PSS business models that are theoretically relevant and practically applicable. The development process was carried out through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 121 articles, which were filtered into 24 selected journals and produced 23 elements of the business model. These elements are then mapped into nine BMC blocks based on a systematic thematic identification and mapping process by matching the identification results of the elements from the SLR into the BMC blocks based on functional definitions and implementation contexts in Smart PSS. Validation was conducted through semi-structured interviews with four cross-field practitioners, as well as quantitative assessments using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cronbach's Alpha. Six elements with CVI scores below the threshold were maintained after substantial assessments, and supported high reliability values (α = 0.88).
The final framework was prepared by adapting the Business Model Navigator (BMN) approach and added two important stages, namely Sustainability Aspect Identification and Key Metrics Assessment. This framework consists of four phases, including Initiation, Ideation, Integration, and Implementation. As an initial validation, the framework was tested through a case study of Carlink's application in the automotive industry. Evaluation of two dimensions, namely Actual Efficacy and Intention of Use, showed positive results. This indicates that the framework developed can be used as a starting reference, although cross-industry testing is still needed to strengthen generalizations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kerangka Pengembangan, Model Bisnis, Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS), Transformasi Digital, Industri 4.0, Business Model, Digital Transformation, Framework Development, Industry 4.0, Smart Product-Service System (Smart PSS).
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD28 Management. Industrial Management
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Lelli Kurnia Sari
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2025 03:01
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2025 03:01
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123031

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