Desain Pabrik Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT) dari Minyak Kelapa Melalui Proses Sintesis Enzimatis

Putranto, Maulana Ilham and Muhammad, Shafaa Annisa (2025) Desain Pabrik Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT) dari Minyak Kelapa Melalui Proses Sintesis Enzimatis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Minyak kelapa merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis Indonesia karena kandungan asam lemak rantai menengah (medium chain fatty acid) seperti asam kaprilat (C8) dan asam kaprat (C10) yang memiliki banyak manfaat kesehatan. Meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat global terhadap pangan fungsional dan suplemen kesehatan mendorong pertumbuhan permintaan global terhadap produk turunan asam lemak rantai menengah seperti Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) oil. Untuk menjawab peluang tersebut, dilakukan perancangan pabrik MCT oil menggunakan metode sintesis enzimatis yang ramah lingkungan dan lebih efisien dibandingkan metode kimia konvensional. Proses produksi dilakukan melalui dua tahap utama: hidrolisis minyak kelapa mentah menggunakan enzim lipase imobilisasi Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB), diikuti dengan esterifikasi antara gliserol dan asam lemak rantai menengah. Lokasi pabrik dirancang di Kecamatan Rungkut, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur, berdasarkan ketersediaan bahan baku dan infrastruktur pendukung. Kapasitas produksi ditargetkan sebesar 5.000 ton/tahun dengan target pasar ekspor, terutama China. Kebutuhan bahan baku utama berupa minyak kelapa mentah (crude coconut oil) diperkirakan mencapai 31.430,72 ton/tahun. Studi perancangan meliputi diagram alir proses (PFD), diagram instrumentasi (P&ID), analisis keselamatan (HAZOP), spesifikasi peralatan, serta evaluasi teknis dan ekonomi. Berdasarkan estimasi ekonomi, diperoleh kebutuhan modal investasi (CAPEX) sebesar Rp548.505.111.920 dan biaya operasional tahunan (OPEX) sebesar Rp1.054.123.485.369. Periode konstruksi direncanakan selama 2 tahun dengan umur pabrik selama 20 tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa proyek ini layak untuk direalisasikan, dengan nilai Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 18,47%, Pay Out Time (POT) selama 9,10 tahun, Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 44,7%, dan Net Present Value (NPV) positif sebesar Rp525.177.399.778.
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Coconut oil is one of Indonesia's strategic commodities due to its content of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), such as caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10), which offer numerous health benefits. The increasing global awareness of functional foods and health supplements has driven the growing demand for MCFA-derived products, particularly Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) oil. To meet this market opportunity, a production plant for MCT oil has been designed using an enzymatic synthesis method that is more environmentally friendly and efficient than conventional chemical synthesis. The production process consists of two main stages: hydrolysis of crude coconut oil using immobilized lipase enzyme from Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB), followed by esterification between glycerol and medium-chain fatty acids. The plant is planned to be located in Rungkut District, Surabaya City, East Java Province, considering the availability of raw materials and supporting infrastructure. The plant is designed with a production capacity of 5,000 tons per year, targeting the export market, particularly China. The required raw material crude coconut oil is estimated at 31,430.72 tons per year. The design study includes the preparation of a Process Flow Diagram (PFD), Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID), Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP), equipment specifications, and technical-economic evaluations. Based on the economic analysis, the required capital expenditure (CAPEX) is estimated at IDR 548,505,111,920, with annual operational expenditure (OPEX) of IDR 1,054,123,485,369. The construction period is projected to be 2 years, with a plant lifetime of 20 years. The feasibility analysis indicates that the project is viable, yielding an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 18.47%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 9.10 years, a Break Even Point (BEP) of 44.7%, and a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 525,177,399,778.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Esterrifikasi, MCT Oil, Minyak Kelapa, Sintesis Enzimatis Esterification, Enzymatic Synthesis, Coconut Oil, MCT Oil
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD305.A2 O73 Esterification
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > Food Engineering : 41221-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Maulana Ilham Putranto
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2025 08:00
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2025 08:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123168

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