Rancang Bangun Sistem CDI Berbasis Elektroda Dari Karbon Tempurung Kemiri Sebagai Desalinasi Nacl

Ardhi, Sintyawati Putri (2025) Rancang Bangun Sistem CDI Berbasis Elektroda Dari Karbon Tempurung Kemiri Sebagai Desalinasi Nacl. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Desalinasi air merupakan salah satu solusi strategis untuk mengatasi krisis air bersih, terutama dengan metode ramah lingkungan seperti Capacitive Deionization (CDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem CDI berbasis elektroda karbon dari tempurung kemiri dan mengevaluasi efektivitasnya dalam menurunkan salinitas larutan NaCl. Elektroda dibuat melalui proses pembakaran tempurung kemiri, aktivasi kimia menggunakan H₃PO₄ (0,1 M dan 1 M), serta karbonisasi pada suhu 300°C, 500°C, dan 700°C. Elektroda dicetak pada graphite sheet menggunakan PVA sebagai binder, kemudian disusun sebanyak enam pasang dalam reaktor berbentuk kubus yang dialiri larutan NaCl dan diberikan tegangan 1,2 V. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa variasi suhu dan konsentrasi aktivator mempengaruhi performa sistem. Elektroda karbonisasi 300°C menunjukkan efisiensi penurunan TDS tertinggi sebesar 82,65%, sedangkan aktivasi H₃PO₄ 0,1 M menghasilkan efisiensi 68,39%. Pengukuran pH juga menunjukkan adanya perubahan, dengan efisiensi pH tertinggi sebesar 45,05% pada elektroda tanpa perlakuan dan terendah 24,11% pada suhu 500°C, mengindikasikan potensi reaksi elektrokimia selain adsorpsi. Debit tertinggi dicapai oleh elektroda tanpa perlakuan sebesar 0,01385 L/m, sementara elektroda dengan aktivasi H₃PO₄ 1 M hanya mencapai 0,00346 L/m. Analisis karakterisasi melalui metode CV, EIS, dan FTIR mendukung hasil tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa elektroda karbon tempurung kemiri memiliki sifat elektrokimia yang mendukung proses adsorpsi ion. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sistem CDI berbasis elektroda tempurung kemiri dapat menjadi alternatif efektif, ekonomis, dan ramah lingkungan dalam teknologi pengolahan air.
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Water desalination is one of the strategic solutions to address the clean water crisis, especially through environmentally friendly methods such as Capacitive Deionization (CDI). This study aims to design a CDI system based on carbon electrodes derived from candlenut shells and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing the salinity of NaCl solution. The electrodes were fabricated through a series of processes including combustion of candlenut shells, chemical activation using H₃PO₄ (0.1 M and 1 M), and carbonization at temperatures of 300°C, 500°C, and 700°C. The electrodes were cast onto graphite sheets using PVA as a binder, then arranged in six pairs inside a cube-shaped reactor through which NaCl solution was flowed and subjected to a 1.2 V voltage. The test results showed that variations in temperature and activator concentration affected system performance. The electrode carbonized at 300°C demonstrated the highest TDS removal efficiency at 82.65%, while activation with 0.1 M H₃PO₄ achieved 68.39% efficiency. pH measurements also indicated changes, with the highest pH efficiency of 45.05% found in untreated electrodes and the lowest of 24.11% at 500°C, suggesting the occurrence of electrochemical reactions in addition to ion adsorption. The highest flow rate was achieved by the untreated electrode at 0.01385 L/m, while the electrode activated with 1 M H₃PO₄ reached only 0.00346 L/m. Characterization analysis through CV, EIS, and FTIR supported these findings, indicating that candlenut shell carbon electrodes possess electrochemical properties favorable for ion adsorption. This study demonstrates that CDI systems based on candlenut shell electrodes can serve as effective, economical, and environmentally friendly alternatives in water treatment technology.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Capacitive Deionization, Debit, Desalininasi, Elektroda, Karbon Aktif, pH, TDS. ; Activated Carbon, Capacitive Deionization, Desalination, Electrode, Flow Rate, pH, Total Dissolved Solids.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC610.3 Electric conductivity Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD553 Electrochemistry. Electrolysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sintyawati Putri Ardhi
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2025 02:58
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2025 02:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123324

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