Studi Seleksi Model Asuransi Kapal Dengan Pendekatan Kriteria Jamak

Hikmawan, Fajar Yusuf (2025) Studi Seleksi Model Asuransi Kapal Dengan Pendekatan Kriteria Jamak. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Berdasarkan data Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi (KNKT) tahun 2018–2020, tercatat 1.152 kasus kecelakaan pelayaran, dengan puncaknya pada tahun 2020 yang menyebabkan 403 korban meninggal atau hilang serta 200 korban luka. Sejalan dengan peningkatan risiko tersebut, data Asosiasi Asuransi Umum Indonesia (AAUI) menunjukkan tren kenaikan premi asuransi marine cargo dan marine hull pada periode 2021–2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel yang berpengaruh serta menilai besaran pengaruhnya pada seleksi tipe asuransi, melakukan klasterisasi kapal dalam kerangka hubungannya terhadap seleksi tipe asuransi, melakukan pemilihan jenis asuransi yang paling tepat menggunakan pendekatan MCDM, serta menjustifikasi ketepatan hasil seleksi melalui analisa sensitivitas. Ruang lingkup penelitian dibatasi pada kapal besi/baja yang beroperasi di perairan Indonesia dengan data klaim hingga tahun 2024. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui algoritma k-means untuk klasterisasi kapal, yang kemudian dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan ordinal regression. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa variabel Nilai Pertanggungan, Nilai Klaim, dan GRT kapal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap klaster risiko yang terbentuk, sedangkan Tahun Kapal dan Tipe Kapal tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Pendekatan semi kuantitatif dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang dianalisis dengan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), yang menunjukkan bahwa kriteria Teknis memiliki bobot tertinggi (37,4%), dengan sub-kriteria Usia Kapal (52,6%) dan alternatif asuransi ITC Hulls 280 (All Risks) (44,6%) sebagai prioritas utama. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa variasi bobot ±10% tidak mengubah prioritas pilihan, yakni tetap pada ITC Hulls 280. Namun, dari segi suku premi, ITC Hulls 280 berpotensi memiliki tarif lebih tinggi dibandingkan ITC Hulls 284 (TLO + GA + Collision Liability) dan ITC Hulls 289 (Total Loss Only).
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Based on data from the National Transportation Safety Committee (KNKT) for the period 2018–2020, there were 1,152 recorded maritime accidents, peaking in 2020 with 403 fatalities or missing persons and 200 injuries. Along with this increased risk, data from the Indonesian General Insurance Association (AAUI) indicates a rising trend in marine cargo and marine hull insurance premiums between 2021 and 2023. This study aims to identify the variables influencing the selection of insurance types and to assess the magnitude of their impact, to cluster ships in relation to insurance type selection, to determine the most appropriate type of insurance using the MCDM approach, and to justify the accuracy of the selection through sensitivity analysis. The scope of the research is limited to steel/iron ships operating in Indonesian waters, with claim data up to 2024. The methodology employed is a quantitative approach using the k-means algorithm for ship clustering, followed by further analysis with ordinal regression. The results indicate that the variables of Insured Value, Claim Value, and Ship GRT significantly influence the formation of risk clusters, whereas Ship Age and Ship Type do not show significant effects. A semi-quantitative approach was also conducted through questionnaires analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which revealed that Technical criteria hold the highest weight (37.4%), with the sub-criterion of Ship Age (52.6%) and the insurance alternative of ITC Hulls 280 (All Risks) (44.6%) as the top priority. Sensitivity analysis results demonstrate that a ±10% variation in weight does not alter the priority choice, which remains ITC Hulls 280. However, in terms of premium rates, ITC Hulls 280 is potentially more expensive than ITC Hulls 284 (TLO + GA + Collision Liability) and ITC Hulls 289 (Total Loss Only).

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Analytical Hierarchy Process, Klaim, K-Means, Marine Insurance, Risiko
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.23 Decision making. Business requirements analysis. H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management H Social Sciences > HG Finance > HG8054.5 Risk (Insurance)
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Fajar Yusuf Hikmawan
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2025 07:26
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2025 07:26
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123364

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