Integer Linear Programming Model For Selecting and Allocating Nutrition Fulfilment Service Unit Facilities in Makan Bergizi Gratis Program

Hapsari, Anabella Rizkiani (2025) Integer Linear Programming Model For Selecting and Allocating Nutrition Fulfilment Service Unit Facilities in Makan Bergizi Gratis Program. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

The Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) program is an initiative launched by the Indonesian government to address malnutrition issues and improve the quality of human resources, especially among children. This study focuses on determining the allocation of meals from nutrition fulfilment service unit facilities to be distributed to each of the school beneficiaries by meeting the capacity requirements from each facility in Wonokromo District, as well as optimizing the selection of nutrition fulfilment service unit facilities for the MBG program in Surabaya. In this study, a Integer Linear Programming approach is used, utilizing a transportation problem that is modified and further developed to fit the specific operational needs of the MBG program. The main contribution of this research is the development of a model using both a distance-based approach and a distance-demand-based approach that can be implemented to help allocate nutrition fulfilment service unit facilities, thereby improving the efficiency of distributing food. The research reveals that allocating meals while considering capacity limitations is essential to avoid overloading certain facilities and underutilizing others. The proposed model successfully incorporates real-world constraints such as maximum delivery distance (6 km), varying student populations, and limited supply capacity. Despite total demand reaching 24,778 meals, the available facilities could only serve 21,230 meals, leaving a shortfall of 3,548 students. Furthermore, the study compares two approaches which are distance-based and distance-demand-based to evaluate their performance in optimizing distribution. The distance-based model minimizes total delivery distance but overlooks variations in student demand. In contrast, the distance-demand-based model considers both shortest distance and the number of students, offering a more equitable and realistic solution in urban districts like Wonokromo where student distribution is uneven. From the various scenarios analyzed in this study, it is concluded that the scenario which removes capacity constraints under the distance-demand-based approach represents the most balanced, practical, and efficient allocation model. This model results in the lowest total distance-demand value, reduces instances of split allocations, and enables data-driven capacity planning by adjusting facility capacities based on actual solver outcomes. With its balanced focus on efficiency, equity, and operational feasibility, the proposed model presents a scalable and robust framework for guiding future implementations of the MBG program in other districts across Surabaya
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Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) merupakan inisiatif yang diluncurkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia untuk mengatasi permasalahan malnutrisi dan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, khususnya pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penentuan alokasi makanan dari fasilitas unit layanan pemenuhan gizi yang akan didistribusikan ke masing-masing sekolah penerima manfaat dengan tetap memperhatikan batas kapasitas dari setiap fasilitas di Kecamatan Wonokromo, serta mengoptimalkan pemilihan fasilitas unit layanan pemenuhan gizi untuk program MBG di Kota Surabaya. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan pendekatan Integer Linear Programming dengan memodifikasi dan mengembangkan model permasalahan transportasi agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan operasional program MBG. Kontribusi utama dari penelitian ini adalah pengembangan model dengan pendekatan berbasis jarak (distance-based) dan berbasis jarak-permintaan (distance-demand-based) yang dapat diterapkan untuk membantu alokasi fasilitas pemenuhan gizi, sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi makanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alokasi makanan dengan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan kapasitas sangat penting untuk menghindari kelebihan beban pada fasilitas tertentu dan meminimalkan fasilitas yang tidak termanfaatkan. Model yang diusulkan berhasil mengakomodasi kendala nyata di lapangan seperti batas maksimal jarak pengiriman (6 km), variasi jumlah siswa di setiap sekolah, dan keterbatasan kapasitas pasokan. Meskipun total permintaan mencapai 24.778 porsi, kapasitas gabungan dari keempat fasilitas yang direncanakan hanya mampu melayani 21.230 porsi, sehingga menyisakan kekurangan sebanyak 3.548 porsi. Selain itu, penelitian ini membandingkan dua pendekatan yakni berbasis jarak dan berbasis jarak-permintaan untuk mengevaluasi kinerjanya dalam mengoptimalkan distribusi. Model berbasis jarak meminimalkan total jarak pengiriman namun mengabaikan variasi jumlah siswa. Sebaliknya, model berbasis jarak-permintaan mempertimbangkan baik jarak maupun jumlah siswa, sehingga menawarkan solusi yang lebih adil dan realistis, terutama di kawasan perkotaan seperti Wonokromo yang memiliki distribusi siswa yang tidak merata. Dari berbagai skenario yang penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa skenario dengan membebaskan kapasitas untuk pendekatan berbasis jarak-permintaan merupakan model alokasi yang paling seimbang, praktis, dan efisien. Model ini menghasilkan nilai total jarak-permintaan terendah, mengurangi alokasi ganda pada sekolah yang sama, serta memungkinkan perencanaan kapasitas yang lebih realistis berdasarkan hasil alokasi. Dengan fokus yang seimbang antara efisiensi, pemerataan, dan kelayakan operasional, model ini memberikan kerangka kerja yang kuat dan dapat diimplementasikan secara luas untuk mendukung pelaksanaan program MBG di kecamatan-kecamatan lain di Surabaya

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Integer Linear Programming, Makan Bergizi Gratis, Nutrition Fulfilment Service Unit, Transportation Problem ============================================================ Makan Bergizi Gratis, Model Integer Linear Programming, Satuan Unit Layanan Pemenuhan Gizi, Model Permasalahan Transportasi
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.6 Operations research--Mathematics. Goal programming T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.74 Linear programming
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Anabella Rizkiani Hapsari
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 01:40
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 01:40
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123423

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