Wimansyah, Mochammad Bilal Totti (2025) Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Cr2O3 Dan Parameter q- Value Particle Size Distribution (PSD) Dengan Pendekatan Modified Andreassen Equation Al₂O₃ Terhadap Sifat Mekanik, Sifat Fisik, Dan Ketahanan Terhadap Alkali Attack Pada High Alumina Refractory Brick. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dalam industri semen, melibatkan suhu tinggi selama proses pembakaran bahan baku yang nantinya akan menjadi komponen utama pada industri semen. Proses ini dilakukan menggunakan peralatan seperti rotary kiln, yang mana memiliki kondisi operasi yang ekstrem, paparan suhu tinggi, abrasi mekanis, serta reaksi kimia dari gas. High alumina refractory brick sering kali mengalami serangan alkali di rotary kiln yang menyebabkan umur pakai menurun. Serangan alkali oleh K2CO3 menurunkan struktur dari material refraktori, meningkatkan porositas, dan menurunkan sifat mekaniknya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi penambahan Cr₂O₃ sebanyak 0%, 2%, 4% serta penggunaan alumina dengan berbagai jenis ukuran mesh (16, 24, 60, 80, 100, 120, dan 325) menggunakan metode Particle Size Distribution (PSD) Al₂O₃ (q= 0,25 dan 0,3) berdasarkan Modified Andreassen Equation terhadap sifat mekanik serta ketahanan terhadap serangan alkali pada bata tahan api. Material yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian karakterisasi dengan X-ray Diffraction (XRD) dan Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), juga dilakukan bulk density, ketahanan abrasif, kuat tekan, apparent porosity, water absorption, dan alkali attack pada benda uji high alumina refractory brick. Analisis material menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 2% Cr₂O₃ (C2) dan variasi distribusi partikel q=0,25 (A25) secara sinergis menghasilkan performa terbaik. Komposisi C2 terbukti optimal dalam meningkatkan sebagian besar properti, seperti menghasilkan bulk density tertinggi (2,80 g/cm³), porositas terendah, dan ketahanan alkali superior berkat terbentuknya fasa eskolaite yang homogen. Namun, penambahan Cr₂O₃ ini memiliki kelemahan berupa peningkatan nilai abrasi. Di sisi lain, formulasi dengan distribusi partikel q=0,25 (A25) menunjukkan keunggulan signifikan pada sifat mekanik dan kimia, dengan nilai Cold Crushing Strength (CCS) tertinggi (37,99 MPa), ketahanan abrasi terbaik (24,97 cm³), dan resistensi alkali yang lebih unggul dibandingkan formulasi q=0,3 (A3) yang hanya sedikit lebih baik dalam hal kepadatan. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya trade-off di mana optimasi sifat fisik (kepadatan) dan sifat mekanik-kimia (kekuatan dan ketahanan) dipengaruhi oleh parameter yang berbeda.
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materials, which will later become the main components in the cement industry. This process is carried out using equipment such as rotary kilns, which operate under extreme conditions, including exposure to high temperatures, mechanical abrasion, and chemical reactions from gases. High alumina refractory bricks often experience alkali attacks in rotary kilns, leading to a reduction in their service life. Alkali attacks by K2CO3 degrade the structure of the refractory material, increase porosity, and reduce its mechanical properties. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of adding Cr₂O₃ in variations of 0%, 2%, and 4%, as well as the use of alumina with various mesh sizes (16, 24, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 325) using the Particle Size Distribution (PSD) method for Al₂O₃ (q = 0.25 and 0.3) based on the Modified Andreassen Equation, on the mechanical properties and resistance to alkali attacks in refractory bricks. The materials used in this study were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Tests were also conducted for bulk density, abrasion resistance, compressive strength, apparent porosity, water absorption, and alkali attack on high alumina refractory brick specimens. Material analysis reveals that the addition of 2% Cr₂O₃ (C2) and a particle size distribution of q=0.25 (A25) are key to achieving the best performance. The C2 composition proved optimal for enhancing most properties, yielding the highest bulk density (2.80 g/cm³), lowest porosity, and superior alkali resistance, thanks to the formation of a homogeneous eskolaite phase. However, this addition had the drawback of increasing abrasion loss. On the other hand, the formulation with a particle distribution of q=0.25 (A25) demonstrated significant superiority in mechanical and chemical properties, delivering the highest Cold Crushing Strength (CCS) at 37.99 MPa, the best abrasion resistance (24.97 cm³), and better alkali resistance compared to the q=0.3 (A3) formulation, which was only marginally better in terms of physical density. This indicates a clear trade-off, where the optimization of physical properties (density) versus mechanical-chemical properties (strength and resistance) is influenced by different parameters.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Alkali Attack, High Alumina Refractory Brick, Particle Size Distribution, Rotary Kiln, Cr₂O₃, Alkali Attack, High Alumina Refractory Brick, Particle Size Distribution, Rotary Kiln, Cr₂O₃ |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS156 Quality Control. QFD. Taguchi methods (Quality control) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mochammad Bilal Totti Wimansyah |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2025 05:48 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2025 05:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123714 |
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