Shidqi, Adhi Prasetyo (2025) Kajian Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) pada Proses Produksi Minyak Mentah dan Gas Alam untuk Analisis Dampak Lingkungan dan Penunjang Dekarbonisasi PT X di Jawa Timur. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sektor industri energi merupakan salah satu kontributor utama emisi gas rumah kaca di Indonesia. Peningkatan perhatian global terhadap perubahan iklim memerlukan aktivitas dekarbonisasi untuk penguatan daya saing industri energi Indonesia di pasar global dan berkontribusi dalam pencapaian target penurunan emisi nasional. Upaya dekarbonisasi sektor industri energi dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara, seperti penggantian sumber energi fosil dengan energi ramah lingkungan dan manajemen efisiensi energi. Pemilihan upaya dalam dekarbonisasi diperlukan basis data yang kuat, sehingga upaya perbaikan dapat dilakukan dengan tepat sasaran dan efisien. Langkah-langkah dalam penentuan upaya dekarbonisasi perusahaan dilakukan dengan dua tahapan utama, yaitu penentuan dampak lingkungan proses produksi dan unit proses penghasil emisi tertinggi atau hotspot.
Pada penelitian ini, metode LCA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis besaran dampak lingkungan dan hotpsot pada salah satu perusahaan penghasil minyak mentah dan gas alam di Jawa Timur atau selanjutnya dapat disebut PT X. Kelebihan metode LCA dalam analisis dampak lingkungana adalah pengambilan keputusan berbasis data dan memiliki standar kredibel seperti ISO 14040 dan 14044. Analisis dampak lingkungan dan hotspot dilakukan berdasarkan tahapan siklus hidup produksi minyak mentah dan gas alam perusahaan, mulai dari eksplorasi, ekstraksi dan pengolahan atau lingkup cradle to gate. Analisis dampak lingkungan juga dilakukan berdasarkan seluruh data bahan baku dan emisi proses produksi atau data inventori perusahaan. Dampak lingkungan dan hotspot dianalisis menggunakan faktor konversi karaktersisasi dampak dan diverifikasi menggunakan aplikasi SimaPro dengan metode ReCipe 2016. Dalam menunjang kesesuaian hasil dampak lingkungan, dilakukan penilaian kualitas data inventori perusahaan. Penilaian kualitas data dapat menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian hasil dampak lingkungan dan hotspot perusahaan. Berdasarkan hotspot perusahaan, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis skenario program perbaikan lingkungan untuk penurunan dampak lingkungan dan emisi CO2eq. Potensi penurunan emisi CO2eq pada hotspot perusahaan digunakan sebagai potensi kontribusi ketercapaian target dekarbonisasi perusahaan.
Penilaian dampak lingkungan dengan LCA diketahui pada setiap produksi 1 (satu) BTU minyak mentah dan gas alam menghasilkan beberapa dampak lingkungan seperti global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, ozone formation-human health fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation, terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, dan marine eutrophication. Pada lingkup cradle diketahui unit hotspot terdapat pada unit sumur PHE 40 CPP. Hal ini dikarenakan kapasitas tertinggi produksi minyak dan gas alam dihasilkan dari sumur tersebut. Pada lingkup gate diketahui terdapat beberapa unit hotspot berdasarkan dampak lingkungan dihasilkan. Pada dampak global warming dan stratospheric ozone depletion unit hotspot berada pada unit Utilitas CPP dan Flare CPP. Pada dampak ozone formation-human health, fine particulate matter formation dan ozone formation-terrestrial ecosystems unit hotspot berada pada unit GTC 102 CPP. Pada dampak freshwater eutriphication dan marine eutrophication unit hotspot berada pada unit IPAL ORF. Skenario program perbaikan lingkungan dengan potensi penurunan dampak lingkungan yaitu program Vibration Reduction and Management Analysis pada unit GTC-624 PPP.
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The energy industry sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia. Increasing global attention to climate change requires decarbonization activities to strengthen the competitiveness of the Indonesian energy industry in the worldwide market and contribute to achieving national emission reduction targets. Decarbonization efforts in the energy industry sector can be carried out in several ways, such as replacing fossil fuel sources with environmentally friendly energy and energy efficiency management. The selection of efforts in decarbonization requires a strong database, so that improvement efforts can be carried out on target and efficiently. The steps in determining a company's decarbonization efforts are carried out in two main stages, namely determining the environmental impact of the production process and the highest emission-producing process units or hotspots.
In this study, the LCA method is used to identify and analyse the magnitude of environmental impacts and hotspots in one of the crude oil and natural gas producing companies in East Java or hereinafter referred to as PT X. Environmental impact and hotspot analysis is carried out based on the stages of the company's crude oil and natural gas production life cycle, starting from exploration, extraction and processing or the scope of cradle to gate. Environmental impact analysis is also carried out based on all raw material data and production process emissions or company inventory data. Environmental impacts and hotspots are analysed using the SimaPro application with the ReCipe 2016 method. In order to support the suitability of environmental impact results, an assessment of the quality of the company's inventory data is carried out. Data quality assessment can indicate the level of suitability of environmental impact results and the company's hotspots. Based on the company's hotspots, an analysis of environmental improvement program scenarios is then carried out to reduce environmental impacts and CO2eq emissions. The potential for reducing CO2eq emissions at the company's hotspots is used as a potential contribution to achieving the company's decarbonization target.
Environmental impact assessment with LCA shows that every 1 (one) BTU of crude oil and natural gas production produces several environmental impacts such as global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, ozone formation-human health, fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation, terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, and marine eutrophication. In the cradle scope, it is known that the hotspot unit is the PHE 40 CPP well. This is because the highest capacity of oil and natural gas production is produced from this well. In the gate scope, it is known that there are several hotspot units based on the environmental impacts generated. In the impact of global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion, the hotspot units are the CPP Utility and CPP Flare. In the impact of ozone formation-human health, fine particulate matter formation and ozone formation-terrestrial ecosystems, the hotspot unit is the GTC 102 CPP. In the impact of freshwater eutrophication and marine eutrophication, the hotspot unit is the ORF IPAL. The environmental improvement program scenario with the potential for reducing environmental impacts is the Vibration Reduction and Management Analysis program on the GTC-624 PPP unit.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Life Cycle Assessment, dampak lingkungan, hotspot, minyak mentah, gas alam, dekarbonisasi, Life Cycle Assessment, environmental impact analysis, hotspot, crude oil, natural gas, decarbonization |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Shidqi Adhi Prasetyo |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2025 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jul 2025 06:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124251 |
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