Studi Numerik Performa Airfoil EPPLER 420 Sebagai Cascade Winglet Pada Front Wing Mobil Sapuangin Speed 8

Ananta, Yuvino Sulthan (2025) Studi Numerik Performa Airfoil EPPLER 420 Sebagai Cascade Winglet Pada Front Wing Mobil Sapuangin Speed 8. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5007211096-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Pada tahun 2025, tim Sapuangin ITS dari Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember berpartisipasi dalam kompetisi FSAE Japan untuk kategori internal combustion engine. Salah satu jenis perlombaan pada FSAE Japan adalah dynamic event. Dynamic event merupakan serangkaian balapan dengan berbagai jenis lintasan yang secara tidak langsung mendorong banyak tim untuk mengembangkan mobil mereka dengan menambahkan perangkat aerodinamika. Salah satu perangkat yang umum digunakan adalah front wing yang sering dilengkapi dengan Front Cascade Winglets. Pemanfaatan front wing dengan cascade winglets pada mobil FSAE bertujuan untuk menghasilkan gaya tekan ke bawah (down force). Down force ini meningkatkan grip ban mobil ke permukaan lintasan. Selain itu, front wing berperan penting dalam mengarahkan aliran udara dari bagian depan mobil ke komponen-komponen lain di belakangnya..
Studi ini menggunakan metode analisis numerik dua dimensi untuk menyelidiki desain front wing mobil Sapuangin. ANSYS Fluent dimanfaatkan untuk mensimulasikan aliran udara yang bersifat steady dan incompressible. Konfigurasi geometri yang dianalisis meliputi desain standar front wing mobil Sapuangin Speed 8 serta desain yang telah dimodifikasi dengan penambahan airfoil Cascade Winglets. Dalam simulasi ini, divariasikan gap antara elemen utama front wing dan elemen pertama cascade dengan nilai 40, 50, 60, dan 70 mm. Selain itu, sudut serang (angle of attack) elemen kedua cascade juga divariasikan pada 3, 6, 9, dan 12 derajat. Pemodelan turbulensi aliran udara dilakukan menggunakan model transition SST. Kondisi batas yang diterapkan dalam simulasi adalah velocity inlet (13,89 m/s), pressure outlet , no-slip moving wall pada ground, dan wall untuk permukaan atas dan permukaan benda uji. Meshing menggunakan jenis Structured-Mesh Hexahedral.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi cascade dengan gap 70 mm menghasilkan total gaya angkat tertinggi sebesar -43,428 N, dengan kontribusi terbesar berasal dari main element dan first cascade. Hal ini disebabkan oleh terbentuknya efek nozzle yang optimal di antara lower surface first cascade dan upper surface main element, yang mempercepat aliran dan menghasilkan tekanan rendah stabil. Gap di bawah 70 mm mendapatkan efek nozzle terlalu besar, sehingga downforce pada airfoil main element melemah. Pada variasi AOA second cascade, sudut serang 12° menghasilkan konfigurasi paling efisien dengan downforce tertinggi dan wake paling tipis. Hasil FL/FD terbaik juga diperoleh pada konfigurasi ini yaitu sebesar 4,09 atau meningkat 5% dari variasi base design. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaturan gap dan sudut serang pada cascade winglet memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan performa aerodinamika front wing pada mobil Formula Student.
=======================================================================================================================================
In 2025, the Sapuangin ITS team from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember participated in the FSAE Japan competition in the internal combustion engine category. One of the race types in FSAE Japan is the dynamic event. This dynamic event consists of a series of races on various types of tracks, which indirectly encourages many teams to enhance their vehicles by adding aerodynamic devices. One commonly used device is the front wing, often equipped with Front Cascade Winglets. The use of front wings with cascade winglets on FSAE cars is intended to generate downforce, which increases the tire grip on the track surface. In addition, the front wing plays a critical role in directing airflow from the front of the car toward other downstream components.
This study utilizes a two-dimensional numerical analysis method to investigate the front wing design of the Sapuangin car. ANSYS Fluent is used to simulate steady and incompressible airflow. The geometrical configurations analyzed include the standard front wing design of the Sapuangin Speed 8 car, as well as a modified design incorporating cascade winglet airfoils. In the simulation, the gap between the main front wing element and the first cascade element is varied at 40, 50, 60, and 70 mm. Additionally, the angle of attack (AOA) of the second cascade element is varied at 3°, 6°, 9°, and 12°. Turbulence modeling is performed using the Transition SST model. The boundary conditions applied in the simulation include a velocity inlet (13,89 m/s), pressure outlet, no-slip moving wall on the ground, and wall boundaries on the top and object surfaces. The meshing uses a structured hexahedral mesh.
The results of the study show that the cascade configuration with a 70 mm gap produces the highest total lift force of –43,428 N, with the largest contributions coming from the main element and the first cascade. This is due to the optimal nozzle effect formed between the lower surface of the first cascade and the upper surface of the main element, which accelerates the flow and generates a stable low-pressure region. Gaps below 70 mm produce an excessively strong nozzle effect, which reduces the downforce on the main element. In the variation of the second cascade’s angle of attack (AOA), an AOA of 12° provides the most efficient configuration, achieving the highest downforce with the thinnest wake. The best FL/FD results were also obtained in this configuration, namely 4,09 or an increase of 5% from the base design variation.. Thus, it can be concluded that the adjustment of the gap and angle of attack in the cascade winglet has a significant influence on improving the aerodynamic performance of the front wing in Formula Student cars.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aerodinamika, Aerodynamic, ANSYS Fluent, Cascade winglets, Front wing, Aerodynamic
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL521 Aerodynamics, Hypersonic.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Yuvino Sulthan Ananta
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 03:15
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 03:15
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124388

Actions (login required)

View Item