Sintesis Fe2O3/Karbon Silika Mesopori dari Red Mud dan Lerak (Sapindus rarak) untuk Dekolorisasi Fotokatalitik Zat Pewarna Metilen Biru

Sari, Inzus Etika (2025) Sintesis Fe2O3/Karbon Silika Mesopori dari Red Mud dan Lerak (Sapindus rarak) untuk Dekolorisasi Fotokatalitik Zat Pewarna Metilen Biru. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5004211034_Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (8MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Material karbon silika mesopori atau C/MCM-41 disintesis menggunakan metode sol-gel pada proses hidrotermal dengan red mud sebagai prekursor MCM-41 dan lerak (Sapindus rarak) sebagai sumber karbon. Dalam proses sintesis digunakan variasi lerak 10; 20; dan 50% untuk mengontrol karakteristik pori dan material hasil sintesis. Material mesopori hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, Adsorpsi-desorpsi N2, dan spektrofotometer UV-Vis DR. Hasil XRD muncul puncak difraktogram utama pada sudut pendek 2θ di sekitar 2-2,5° dan puncak lain di 3,5-4° serta pada sudut lebar 2θ di 23,5° pada semua material yang menunjukkan fasa amorf. FTIR menunjukkan serapan karakteristik gugus Si-O-Si pada 1080 cm-1 dan 1631 cm-1 pada gugus C=O yaitu spektra karakteristik karbon pada MCM-41. Analisis FESEM menunjukkan bentuk partikel seperti butiran bulat atau spiral yang menyatu dengan ukuran yang relatif kecil. Hasil EDX, silikon, karbon, aluminium serta besi terkonfirmasi sebagai elemen penyusun dari C/MCM-41. Adsorpsi-desorpsi N2 mengungkap isotermal dan histeresis tipe-IV dan tipe V untuk 50C/MCM-41 yang mengkonfirmasi mesopori dengan luas permukaan 3,775 hingga 4,093 m2/g. Proses adsorpsi pada metilen biru mencapai kesetimbangan pada saat waktu kontak 30 menit dengan adsorben 50mg/g dalam 200mg/L metilen biru 50 mL. Adsorpsi mengikuti kinetika pseudo orde dua semu, yang menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi secara kemisorpsi. Hasil uji adsorpsi menghasilkan kapasitas adsorpsi metilen biru pada material 10C/MCM-41, 20C/MCM-41, dan 50C/MCM-41 yaitu sebesar 50,39; 70,71; dan 49,81% secara berurutan. Isotermal adsorpsi menunjukkan adsorpsi mencapai maksimum pada konsentrasi awal metilen biru 80 mg/L yaitu mencapai 96,45%. Semua material mengikuti model isoterm freundlich dan menunjukkan adsorpsi terjadi secara multilayer. Fotokatalitik metilen biru pada 50C/MCM-41 mengikuti kinetika orde nol, sedangkan 10C/MCM-41 dan 20C/MCM-41 mengikuti kinetika orde dua. Berdasarkan hasil fotokatalitik secara berurutan pada 10C/MCM-41, 20C/MCM-41, dan 50C/MCM-41 yaitu 66,74%, 74,10%, dan 64,36%. Material 10C/MCM-41, 20C/MCM-41, dan 50C/MCM-41 memiliki bandgap 2,22 eV, 2,33 eV, dan 2,06 eV.
===========================================================
Mesoporous carbon-silica material (C/MCM-41) was synthesized using the hydrothermal method on a sol-gel system, with red mud as the precursor for MCM-41 and soapnut (Sapindus rarak) as the carbon source. The synthesis involved varying the soapnut content at 10%, 20%, and 50% to control the pore characteristics and properties of the resulting material. The synthesized mesoporous materials were characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, N₂ adsorption-desorption, and UV-Vis DR spectroscopy. XRD analysis showed primary diffraction peaks at low angles (2θ = 2.0–2.5°) and secondary peaks around 3.5–4.0°, with a broad peak at a wide angle (2θ = 23.5°) in all materials, indicating an amorphous phase. FTIR spectra confirmed the characteristic absorption of Si–O–Si groups at 1080 cm⁻¹ and C=O groups at 1631 cm⁻¹, which are typical of carbon presence in MCM-41. FESEM images revealed particle morphologies resembling spherical or spiral-like grains fused together, with relatively small sizes. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of silicon, carbon, aluminum, and iron as the main elements in C/MCM-41. N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms indicated type IV and type V hysteresis (especially in 50C/MCM-41), confirming the mesoporous nature, with specific surface areas ranging from 3.775 to 4.093 m²/g. The adsorption process of methylene blue reached equilibrium at 30 minutes of contact time using 50 mg/g adsorbent in 50 mL of 200 mg/L methylene blue solution. The adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the process occurred through chemisorption. The methylene blue adsorption capacities of 10C/MCM-41, 20C/MCM-41, and 50C/MCM-41 were 50.39%, 70.71%, and 49.81%, respectively. Adsorption isotherm studies showed that the adsorption reached a maximum at an initial methylene blue concentration of 80 mg/L, with an efficiency of 96.45%. All materials followed the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using 50C/MCM-41 followed zero-order kinetics, while 10C/MCM-41 and 20C/MCM-41 followed second-order kinetics. The photocatalytic efficiencies of 10C/MCM-41, 20C/MCM-41, and 50C/MCM-41 were 66.74%, 74.10%, and 64.36%, respectively. The corresponding bandgap energies were 2.22 eV, 2.33 eV, and 2.06 eV.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adsorpsi, Fotokatalitik, Lerak, Metilen Biru, Red Mud Adsorption, Lerak, Methylene Blue, Photocatalytic, Red Mud
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Inzus Etika Sari
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 07:49
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 07:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124440

Actions (login required)

View Item