Pemodelan Perubahan Mekanik pada Pelarutan Tablet Multi-komponen Berbasis Polimer Menggunakan Metode Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Penag, Julio Maulana Bagus (2025) Pemodelan Perubahan Mekanik pada Pelarutan Tablet Multi-komponen Berbasis Polimer Menggunakan Metode Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pelarutan tablet merupakan salah satu tahap krusial dalam kinerja sediaan obat oral dalam menentukan efektivitas pelepasan zat aktif di dalam tubuh. Proses pelarutan tidak hanya dipengaruhi laju difusi air, tetapi juga oleh perubahan mekanik akibat gaya pembengkakan internal. Salah satu metode untuk memodelkan perilaku pelarutan tablet dan pengaruh terhadap perubahan mekaniknya adalah dengan smoothed particle hydrodynamics. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software LAMMPS dengan domain kuarter silinder yang terdiri atas matriks dan empat agen pembengkak. Tiga variasi dilakukan terhadap kombinasi modulus Young matriks dan agen pembengkak, variasi pertama E₀,a = E₀,m = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa, variasi kedua E₀,a = E₀,m = 35 × 10⁵ Pa, variasi ketiga E₀,a = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa, E₀,m = 35 × 10⁵ Pa, dan variasi keempat E₀,a = 35 × 10⁵ Pa, E₀,m = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa dengan waktu 60 detik. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa distribusi tegangan maksimum berada di sekitar agen pembengkak. Pada variasi kedua dengan sistem yang kaku menunjukkan akumulasi tegangan lebih besar dibanding sistem yang lunak pada variasi pertama, sementara pada variasi ketiga, tegangan tertahan oleh matriks yang lebih kaku dan pada variasi keempat terjadi ekspansi pada agen pembengkak yang diteruskan ke matriks. Regangan volumetrik pada variasi pertama dan kedua sama karena kekakuan yang sebanding, sedangkan pada variasi ketiga regangannya menurun dan variasi keempat meningkat. Sementara itu, distribusi konsentrasi air pada seluruh variasi tetap mengikuti pola difusi radial dari permukaan ke inti tablet dengan nilai phi berkisar antara 0,980 hingga 1 mol/m³. Variasi terbaik untuk formulasi sustained-release adalah variasi tiga yang menghasilkan nilai regangan paling kecil dan untuk formulasi immediate-release adalah variasi empat yang menghasilkan nilai regangan terbesar.
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Tablet dissolution is a critical phase in the performance of oral drug formulations, determining the effectiveness of active pharmaceutical ingredient release within the body. The dissolution process is influenced not only by the rate of water diffusion but also by mechanical changes caused by internal swelling forces. One approach to modeling tablet dissolution behavior and its mechanical effects is the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The simulation was performed using LAMMPS software on a quarter-cylinder domain composed of a polymer matrix and four swelling agents. Four variations were conducted based on different combinations of Young’s modulus values for the matrix and swelling agent: the first variation used E₀,a = E₀,m = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa, the second used E₀,a = E₀,m = 35 × 10⁵ Pa, the third used E₀,a = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa and E₀,m = 35 × 10⁵ Pa, and the fourth used E₀,a = 35 × 10⁵ Pa and E₀,m = 3.5 × 10⁵ Pa, with a total simulation time of 60 seconds. The simulation results showed that the maximum stress distribution was concentrated around the swelling agents. In the second variation, which used a stiffer system, greater stress accumulation was observed compared to the softer system in the first variation. In the third variation, the stress was restrained by the stiffer matrix, while in the fourth variation, expansion from the swelling agent was transmitted to the softer matrix. Volumetric strain was similar in the first and second variations due to comparable stiffness levels, while the third variation showed reduced strain and the fourth showed increased strain. Meanwhile, water concentration distribution across all variations followed a radial diffusion pattern from the surface toward the tablet core, with φ values ranging from 0.980 to 1 mol/m³. The third variation proved to be the most suitable for sustained-release formulations due to its lowest strain output, whereas the fourth variation was best suited for immediate-release formulations as it produced the highest strain.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	immediate-release, modulus Young, pelarutan tablet, smoothed particle hydrodynamics, sustained-release
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Julio Maulana Bagus Penag
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 08:42
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 08:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124464

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