Studi Pengaruh Variabel Proses Gasifikasi Dengan Sampah Makanan Di Its Menggunakan Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Sihaloho, Felicia Nauly and Hantoro, Ridho and Airlangga, Bramantyo (2025) Studi Pengaruh Variabel Proses Gasifikasi Dengan Sampah Makanan Di Its Menggunakan Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mensimulasikan proses gasifikasi biomassa sampah sisa makanan menggunakan circulating fluidized bed gasifier dengan perangkat lunak Aspen Plus untuk menganalisis pengaruh temperatur dan equivalence ratio (ER) terhadap komposisi syngas dan Lower Heating Value (LHV). Data ultimate dan proximate analysis sampah makanan dari kantin pusat ITS digunakan sebagai input, menunjukkan kadar air 43,52% dan abu 26.68%. Desain PFD diverifikasi dengan membandingkan hasil simulasi dengan jurnal referensi. Modifikasi dilakukan dengan mengganti gasifying agent dari steam ke udara dan menambahkan unit cooler pada aliran syngas untuk efisiensi energi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur meningkatkan produksi CO dan H2, Hal ini mempercepat reaksi endotermik seperti Boudouard dan steam reforming dan water gas. Sementara CH4 dan CO2 menurun. Sebaliknya, peningkatan ER menyebabkan peningkatan CO2 dan penurunan CO, CH4, serta H2. Dikarenakan reaksi dominan ke arah oksidasi, menandakan pasokan oksigen berlebih. LHV yang cukup baik ditemukan pada ER rendah dan suhu tinggi, menunjukkan konversi biomassa yang optimal. Sementara itu, rasio H₂/CO menunjukkan penurunan seiring kenaikan suhu. Analisis rasio H2/CO bervariasi dengan suhu dan ER, di mana pada suhu rendah hingga menengah ER 0.40 menghasilkan rasio tertinggi, dan pada suhu tinggi ER 0.15 menjadi optimal.
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This research simulates the biomass gasification process of food waste using a circulating fluidized bed gasifier with Aspen Plus software to analyze the effect of temperature and equivalence ratio (ER) on the composition of syngas and its Lower Heating Value (LHV). The ultimate and proximate analysis data of food waste from the ITS campus cafeteria were used as input, showing a moisture content of 43.52% and ash content of 26.68%. The process flow diagram (PFD) was verified by comparing simulation results with data from reference journals. A modification was made by changing the gasifying agent from steam to air and adding a cooler in the syngas stream to improve energy efficiency. The simulation results showed that increasing the temperature increases CO and H2 production, which accelerates endothermic reactions such as Boudouard, steam reforming, and water gas reactions. Meanwhile, CH4 and CO2 decreased. Conversely, increasing the ER caused a rise in CO2 and a reduction in CO, CH4, and H2. This is because higher ER shifts the dominant reaction toward oxidation, indicating excess oxygen supply. A sufficiently high LHV was found at low ER and high temperature, indicating optimal biomass gas conversion. Meanwhile, the H2/CO ratio showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature. The H2/CO ratio varied with temperature and ER, where at low to medium temperatures and an ER of 0.40, the highest ratio was obtained, while at high temperatures and ER 0.15, the ratio became optimal

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gasifikasi, Food waste, Circulating Fluidized Bed, Equivalence Ratio, Temperatur,Gasification, Food Waste, Circulating Fluidized Bed, Equivalence Ratio, Temperature.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD281 Pyrolysis Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD502 Chemical kinetics T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Felicia Nauly Sihaloho
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 06:34
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 06:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124615

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