Analisis Penggunaan Sistem Distribusi DC pada Kapal Feri Ro-Ro KMP.Tuna 600 GRT

Achmat, Sair Syah (2025) Analisis Penggunaan Sistem Distribusi DC pada Kapal Feri Ro-Ro KMP.Tuna 600 GRT. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas penerapan sistem distribusi daya listrik arus searah (DC) pada Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro KMP Tuna 600 GRT sebagai alternatif dari sistem distribusi arus bolak-balik (AC) yang umum digunakan pada kapal konvensional. Sistem DC dipilih karena memiliki sejumlah keunggulan dibandingkan sistem AC, terutama dalam hal efisiensi energi. Salah satu kelebihan utama sistem DC adalah kemampuannya untuk beroperasi tanpa memerlukan kecepatan putaran generator yang konstan, yang pada sistem AC menjadi syarat agar frekuensi tetap stabil. Hal ini memungkinkan pengoperasian generator dengan putaran variabel, sehingga konsumsi bahan bakar dapat ditekan dan efisiensi operasi kapal meningkat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan mencakup beberapa tahapan, dimulai dari pengumpulan data sistem kelistrikan eksisting pada kapal, kemudian dilakukan perancangan ulang sistem distribusi daya menjadi sistem DC yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan operasional kapal. Selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi aliran daya menggunakan software analisis kelistrikan untuk mengevaluasi performa teknis dari sistem yang dirancang. Standar teknis yang dimaskud yaitu BKI Volume IV mengenai Voltage Drop dan Power Factor sesuai spesifikasi generator eksisting. Analisis keekonomian dilakukan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) dan Discounted Payback Period (DPP), guna menilai kelayakan investasi dari sistem yang diusulkan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rancangan sistem DC yang dibuat mampu memenuhi standar teknis kelistrikan kapal, dimana untuk voltage drop terbesar adalah 0,12% dan power factor terendah adalah 0,8. Dari sisi efisiensi bahan bakar, sistem ini menunjukkan penghematan sebesar 476,24 liter per tahun dibandingkan sistem AC, yang dapat berkontribusi positif terhadap pengurangan biaya operasional dan emisi gas buang. Namun, hasil analisis keekonomian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem DC belum layak secara finansial, dengan nilai BCR hanya sebesar 0,43. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh belum sebanding dengan biaya investasi yang dikeluarkan. Tingginya biaya investasi terutama disebabkan oleh harga komponen sistem DC, seperti konverter dan perlengkapan kontrol, yang masih relatif mahal di pasaran.
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This study examines the implementation of a direct current (DC) power distribution system on the Ro-Ro Ferry KMP Tuna (600 GRT) as an alternative to the alternating current (AC) distribution systems commonly employed on conventional vessels. The DC system was selected due to its numerous advantages over AC systems, particularly in terms of energy efficiency. One of the main benefits of the DC system is its ability to operate without requiring a constant generator rotational speed, which is necessary in AC systems to maintain frequency stability. This allows generators to run at variable speeds, thereby reducing fuel consumption and improving overall operational efficiency. The research methodology involved several stages, beginning with data collection of the vessel’s existing electrical system, followed by the redesign of the power distribution system into a DC configuration tailored to the ship's operational requirements. A power flow simulation was then conducted using electrical analysis software to evaluate the technical performance of the proposed system. The technical standards referenced in this study are based on BKI Volume IV, specifically concerning voltage drop and power factor requirements according to the specifications of the existing generator. An economic analysis was carried out using two methods: the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) and the Discounted Payback Period (DPP), in order to assess the investment feasibility of the proposed system. The simulation results indicate that the designed DC system meets the ship's electrical technical standards, with a maximum voltage drop of 0.12% and a minimum power factor of 0.8. From a fuel efficiency perspective, the system offers a saving of 476.24 litres per year compared to the conventional AC system, which can positively contribute to reducing operational costs and exhaust emissions. However, the economic analysis reveals that the implementation of the DC system is not yet financially viable, with a BCR value of only 0.43. This suggests that the economic benefits do not outweigh the investment costs. The high investment cost is primarily attributed to the relatively expensive DC system components, such as converters and control equipment, which remain costly in the current market.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Distribusi Daya DC, Efisiensi Bahan Bakar, Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Simulasi Aliran Daya,DC Distribution, Fuel Efficiency, Ferry Ro-Ro, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Load Flow Simulation.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM381 Passenger ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sair Syah Achmat
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2025 01:09
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 01:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125138

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