Subarusari, Ratu Ummu (2025) Aplikasi Kombinasi Kitosan, Sinar UV-C dan Gelombang Ultrasonik Terhadap Konsentrasi Ergosterol di Media Tanam Kelapa Sawit yang Mengandung Ganoderma boninense. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
![[thumbnail of 5005211030-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf]](http://repository.its.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
5005211030-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (6MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang (BPB) yang disebabkan jamur Ganoderma boninense merupakan ancaman bagi perkebunan kelapa sawit. G. boninense dapat menyerang kelapa sawit di fase pembibitan hingga dewasa. Berbagai metode pengendalian telah dilakukan, tetapi upaya tersebut seringkali belum efektif karena jamur G. boninense memiliki kemampuan bertahan hidup yang baik di lingkungan. Penelitian ini akan menggabungkan aplikasi kimia (kitosan 0,5%) dan fisika (sinar UV-C λ=253,7 nm selama 100 detik dan gelombang ultrasonik 40 kHz selama 5 menit) sebagai metode alternatif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan jamur di media pembibitan kelapa sawit. Aplikasi kombinasi dilakukan pada tanah yang telah diambil ke dalam cawan petri. Tanah diambil dari 2 lokasi berbeda yaitu tanah di antara akar dengan GRWB dan tanah di antara GRWB dengan dasar polybag. Tanah diekstrak ergosterolnya baik sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi kombinasi untuk mengetahui biomassa jamur. Sedangkan kelapa sawitnya dilakukan pengamatan morfologi dengan parameter tinggi, jumlah dan luas daun, serta panjang akar. Organ akar, batang, dan daunnya juga dilakukan ekstraksi ergosterol yang di ukur absorbansinya dengan UV-Vis spektrofotometer (λ=282 nm). Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 variasi media tanam dengan komposisi tanah : pasir yaitu 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, dan 1:4. Data konsentrasi ergosterol tanah dianalisis dengan two-way ANOVA, konsentrasi ergosterol akar, batang, dan daun dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA, dan hasil morfologinya dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari two-way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan konsentrasi ergosterol media tanam kelapa sawit. Perlakuan aplikasi kombinasi dapat menurunkan konsentrasi ergosterol dengan penurunan terbesar terjadi di media tanam 1:4 yaitu 49,27 ppm. Sedangkan jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa perlakuan kombinasi), terjadi kenaikan ergosterol tertinggi di media tanam 1:1 yaitu 19,5 ppm. Hasil dari one-way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan di setiap media tanam dengan konsentrasi ergosterol tertinggi ditemukan di akar, diikuti daun, lalu batang di media 1:4. Konsentrasi ergosterol tertinggi di akar yaitu 561,82 ppm, di daun yaitu 524,04 ppm serta di batang yaitu 417,37 ppm. Secara morfologi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah dan luas daun, serta panjang akar bibit kelapa sawit tertinggi di media tanam 1:1 dan terendah di media 1:4. Pada media tanam terbaik 1:1, rata-rata tinggi kelapa sawit mencapai 36,25 cm, bentuk daun bercabang dua (bifurcate) 4,5 dan lanset 1,5, total luas daun 81,8〖cm〗^2, dan panjang akar 32,4 cm. Media tanam dengan komposisi pasir lebih banyak yang disertai patogen G. boninense dapat memengaruhi efektifitas aplikasi kombinasi, konsentrasi ergosterol di organ kelapa sawit dan pertumbuhan vegetatifnya seperti tinggi, jumlah dan luas daun, serta panjang akar.
======================================================================================================================================
Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by fungus Ganoderma boninense is a threat to oil palm plantations. G. boninense can attack oil palms in nursery phase to maturity. Various control methods have been carried out, but these efforts are often ineffective because the fungus G. boninense has good survival capabilities in the environment. This study will combine chemical (chitosan 0.5%) and physical applications (UV-C light λ=253.7 nm for 100 seconds and 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 5 minutes) as alternative methods to inhibit fungal growth in oil palm nursery media. Combination application is carried out on the soil that has been taken into a petri dish. The soil was taken from 2 different locations : the soil between roots and GRWB and the soil between GRWB and the polybag base. The soil was extracted for ergosterol both before and after combination application to determine the fungal biomass. Meanwhile, the oil palm was observed morphologically with parameters of height, number and area of leaves, and root length. The roots, stems, and leaves were also subjected to ergosterol extraction, and their absorbance was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (λ=282 nm). This study uses 4 variations of growing media with composition soil: sand (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). Soil ergosterol concentration data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, root, stem, and leaf ergosterol concentrations were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, and morphological results were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results of two-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in concentration of ergosterol in oil palm growing media. Combination application treatment can reduce ergosterol concentrations with the largest decrease occurring in 1:4 growing media is 49.27 ppm. Meanwhile, when compared to the control (without combination treatment), there was the highest increase ergosterol in 1:1 growing media is 19.5 ppm. The results of one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in each growing media with the highest concentration ergosterol found in the roots, followed by leaves, then stems in 1:4 media. The highest concentration of ergosterol in the roots is 561.82 ppm, in the leaves is 524.04 ppm and in the stems is 417.37 ppm. Morphologically, the height of the plant, number and area of leaves, as well as root length of oil palm nursery were highest in the growing media 1:1 and the lowest in media 1:4. In the best growing media 1:1, the average height of the oil palm reaches 36.25 cm, the shape of bifurcated leaves is 4.5 and lanceolate is 1.5, total leaf area is 81.8 〖cm〗^2, and the root length is 32.4 cm. Growing media with more sand composition accompanied by G. boninense pathogens can affect the effectiveness of combination application, ergosterol concentration in oil palm organs and vegetative growth such as height, number and area of leaves, and also root length.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ergosterol, Ganoderma boninense, Kitosan, Ultrasonik, UV-C. Chitosan, Ergosterol, Ganoderma boninense, Ultrasonic, UV-C |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany Q Science > QK Botany > QK731 Growth (Plants) Q Science > QR Microbiology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ratu Ummu Subarusari |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2025 02:56 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2025 02:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125523 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |