Komparasi Absorpsi CO2 dari Flue Gas dengan Larutan NaOH dan KOH Menggunakan Kolom Gelembung

Hamayaputra, Azriel Iqbal (2025) Komparasi Absorpsi CO2 dari Flue Gas dengan Larutan NaOH dan KOH Menggunakan Kolom Gelembung. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) tertinggi di dunia, yang sebagian besar bersumber dari sektor energi dan industri, khususnya pembakaran batubara pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Proses pembakaran tersebut menghasilkan flue gas yang mengandung sekitar 12–15% CO₂, serta nitrogen (N₂), uap air, dan polutan lainnya. Untuk menurunkan kadar CO₂ dari flue gas, teknologi absorpsi kimia menggunakan larutan alkali seperti NaOH dan KOH dalam bubble column reactor menjadi salah satu solusi yang menjanjikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi konsentrasi larutan, komposisi campuran flue gas, serta peningkatan Superficial Liquid Velocity (SLV) dan Superficial Gas Velocity (SGV) pada rasio SLV/SGV tetap terhadap efisiensi penyerapan CO₂ dan karakteristik padatan hasil karbonasi. Konsentrasi larutan yang digunakan adalah 0,05 N, 0,1 N, dan 0,15 N; sedangkan campuran gas terdiri dari 85% N₂ : 15% CO₂ dan 80% N₂ : 20% CO₂. Variasi SLV dan SGV dilakukan dengan mempertahankan rasio 0,4, yaitu pada kombinasi SLV 0,0007 m/s – SGV 0,00175 m/s; SLV 0,00105 m/s – SGV 0,00263 m/s; dan SLV 0,0014 m/s – SGV 0,00351 m/s. Rasio tinggi terhadap diameter (H/D) kolom yang digunakan adalah 3, 4, dan 5, dengan diameter kolom 13,95 cm dan tinggi larutan masing-masing 41,85 cm, 55,8 cm, dan 69,75 cm. Larutan hasil absorpsi kemudian diuapkan untuk memperoleh endapan karbonat (Na₂CO₃ dan K₂CO₃) yang selanjutnya dikarakterisasi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan teknologi penangkapan CO₂ yang efisien dan aplikatif di sektor ketenagalistrikan Indonesia.
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Indonesia is among the countries with the highest greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, primarily driven by the energy and industrial sectors, particularly coal combustion in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). The combustion process produces flue gas containing approximately 12–15% CO₂, along with nitrogen (N₂), water vapor, and other pollutants. To reduce CO₂ levels in flue gas, chemical absorption using alkaline solutions such as NaOH and KOH in a bubble column reactor has emerged as a promising technology due to its high absorption efficiency. This study investigates the effects of absorbent concentration, gas mixture composition, and variations in Superficial Liquid Velocity (SLV) and Superficial Gas Velocity (SGV) at a constant SLV/SGV ratio on CO₂ absorption efficiency and the characteristics of the resulting carbonate solids. The absorbent concentrations used were 0.05 N, 0.1 N, and 0.15 N, while the gas mixtures consisted of 85% N₂ : 15% CO₂ and 80% N₂ : 20% CO₂. SLV and SGV were varied while maintaining a fixed ratio of 0.4, using combinations of SLV 0.0007 m/s – SGV 0.00175 m/s; SLV 0.00105 m/s – SGV 0.00263 m/s; and SLV 0.0014 m/s – SGV 0.00351 m/s. Column height-to-diameter (H/D) ratios of 3, 4, and 5 were tested, with a column diameter of 13.95 cm and liquid heights of 41.85 cm, 55.8 cm, and 69.75 cm, respectively. The carbonated liquid was evaporated to obtain solid carbonate precipitates (Na₂CO₃ and K₂CO₃), which were then characterized. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of an efficient and applicable CO₂ capture technology for Indonesia's power sector.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi CO₂, Flue gas, Absorpsi kimia, NaOH, KOH, Bubble column reactor, SLV, SGV, CO₂ emissions, Flue gas, Chemical absorption, NaOH, KOH, Bubble column reactor, SLV, SGV
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Azriel Iqbal Hamayaputra
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 01:44
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 07:37
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125551

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