Pemetaan Habitat Potensial Anggrek Tanah Tosari (Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm) Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru

Hariyono, Ghamma (2025) Pemetaan Habitat Potensial Anggrek Tanah Tosari (Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm) Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Anggrek tanah tosari (Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm.) merupakan anggrek endemik pulau Jawa, yang dapat ditemukan di kawasan TNBTS, memiliki peranan sangat penting
secara ekologis sebagai bioindikator kualitas ekologi bagi habitatnya. Namun informasi tentang profil distribusi habitat potensialnya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peta habitat potensial dari Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. pada kawasan TNBTS dengan menggunakan metode Purposive sampling untuk mengambil data yang diperlukan. Pengambilan data dilakukan di 5 RPTN berbeda yaitu RPTN Wilayah Gunung Penanjakan, RPTN Tengger Laut Pasir, RPTN Coban Trisula, RPTN Ranupane, RPTN
Ranu Darungan yang mewakili habitat hutan primer, hutan sekunder, semak belukar, sabana, pasir, dan lahan terbuka. Pada masing-masing habitat diambil 8 plot, sehingga
terdapat minimal 48 plot sampling atau 11,4% dari total plot keseluruhan TNBTS. Penelitian yang dilakukan mencakup pengambilan data titik lokasi penemuan anggrek tanah, deskripsi morfologi spesies dan data pendukung faktor lingkungan yaitu suhu, kelembapan, intensitas
cahaya, kecepatan angin, dan pH tanah. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGIS 10.8 untuk memvisualisasikan habitat potensial Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. dengan variabel utama tutupan lahan didukung variabel ketinggian dan kelerengan yang mengklasifikasikan skor total menjadi 3 kategori yaitu habitat potensial rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian memberikan data dasar pemetaan yang mendukung kebijakan konservasi spesies endemik ini. Selain itu, mendukung pengelolaan kawasan TNBTS
sebagai salah satu wilayah konservasi utama di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan temuan Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. pada RPTN Wilayah Gunung Penanjakan, RPTN
Tengger Laut Pasir, RPTN Ranupane yang mewakili habitat sabana, hutan sekunder, dan lahan terbuka. Faktor lingkungan pada kawasan penelitian terukur dengan rentang suhu
17,4°C - 28,4°C, intensitas cahaya 1428 lux – 7284 lux, kelembapan 41,6% - 74,8%, pH tanah 6,2 – 7, dan kecepatan angin 0,0 m/s – 1,6 m/s. Berdasarkan hasil pemodelan, habitat potensial terbagi menjadi 3 kategori potensi sebaran. Potensi tinggi mencakup 10,91% dari total kawasan TNBTS dengan validasi sebesar 85%. Potensi sedang mencakup 31,36% dari total kawasan TNBTS dengan validasi sebesar 15%. Potensi rendah mencakup 53,9% dari total kawasan TNBTS dengan validasi 0.
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Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. is an endemic orchid of Java, which can be found in the TNBTS, it has a very important role ecologically, as a bioindicator of ecological quality for its habitat. However, information on the profile and distribution of its potential habitat is still very
limited. This study aims to mapping the distribution of potential habitats of Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. in the TNBTS using Purposive sampling method to collect the necessary data. Data collection was carried out in 4 different PTN Resort namely RPTN Penanjakan Mountain Area, RPTN Tengger Laut Pasir, RPTN Coban Trisula, RPTN Ranupane, and RPTN Ranu Darungan which represented habitat of primary forest, secondary forest, shrubs, savanna, sand, and open land. In each habitat, 8 plots were taken, resulting in a minimum of 48 sampling plots or 11.4% of the total plots in TNBTS. The research will include data collection of terestrial orchid location points, morphological descriptions of species and supporting data on environmental factors, namely temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, and pH. Data analysis was carried out using ArcGIS 10.8 software to visualize the potential habitat of
Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. with main variable of land cover supported by altitude and slope variables, which will classify the total core into 3 categories low, medium, and high potential habitat. The results of the study are expected to provide basic data to support the conservation
policy of this endemic species, as well as filling the information gap related to endemic species. In addition, support the management of the TNBTS area as one of the main conservation areas in Indonesia. The results of this research showed that Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm. was found in the RPTN Penanjakan Mountain Area, RPTN Tengger Laut Pasir, RPTN Ranupane which represents habitat of savanna, secondary forest, and open land. With a temperature range of 16.4°C - 28.4°C, light intensity between 1428 lux - 7284 lux, humidity ranging from 41.6% - 74.8%, soil pH between 6.2 - 7, and wind speed ranging from 0.0 m/s - 1.6 m/s. Potential habitats were divided into 3 categories of potential distribution. High potential covers 10,91%
of the total TNBTS area with validation amounting to 85%. Medium potential covers 31.36% of the total TNBTS area with validation amounting to15%. Low potential covers 53.9% of the total TNBTS area with validation 0.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm, Habitat Potensial, Pemetaan, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Habenaria tosariensis J. J. Sm., Mapping, Potential Habitat
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ghamma Ghoizani Izasi H.
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 03:11
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 03:11
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125723

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