Pengaruh Variasi Fly Ash Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Paving Porous

Ramadhani, Safira Tri (2025) Pengaruh Variasi Fly Ash Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Paving Porous. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Paving porous merupakan salah satu material perkerasan alternatif yang ramah lingkungan karena mampu meresapkan air hujan ke dalam tanah, sehingga mengurangi limpasan permukaan dan mendukung konservasi air tanah. Namun, penggunaan semen dalam campuran paving porous masih menjadi tantangan terkait emisi karbon yang tinggi. Penggunaan fly ash sebagai bahan substitusi semen dalam paving porous menjadi salah satu solusi dalam mengurangi emisi karbon sekaligus memanfaatkan limbah industri dan CaCO₃ sebagai bahan tambahan dipertimbangkan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan performa mekanik tanpa mengorbankan permeabilitas. Fly ash memiliki sifat pozzolanik yang dapat menghasilkan gel sekunder, sementara CaCO₃ dapat mempercepat hidrasi awal serta berperan sebagai filler mikro.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi fly ash sebesar 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40% terhadap sifat mekanik dan permeabilitas paving porous berbasis semen PCC, dengan penambahan CaCO3 sebesar 3% dari massa semen. Benda uji dicetak dalam bentuk paving dengan dimensi 21×10,5×6 cm. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap kuat tekan pada umur 7, 14, 28, dan 56 hari. Pengujian ketahanan aus, penyerapan air, porositas, dan laju infiltrasi air pada umur 28 dan 56 hari. Standar acuan yang digunakan antara lain SNI 03-0691-1996 dan ACI 522R-10.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat tekan pada umur 28 dan 56 hari untuk variasi F0C3, F10C3, F20C3, F30C3, F40C3, dan F0C0 berturut-turut adalah 14,37 dan 15,83; 15,46 dan 17,01; 16,70 dan 17,79; 9,68 dan 10,36; 9,43 dan 10,14; serta 12,10 dan 13,91 MPa, dengan peningkatan 6–9% pada umur 56 hari. Uji ketahanan aus menunjukkan nilai sebesar 0,017 dan 0,015; 0,016 dan 0,015; 0,015 dan 0,014; 0,017; 0,019 dan 0,018; serta 0,017 dan 0,016 mm/menit. Nilai penyerapan air pada umur 28 dan 56 hari berturut-turut adalah 5,42% dan 5,14%; 5,05% dan 3,90%; 3,51% dan 3,87%; 5,84% dan 5,65%. Variasi F20C3 menunjukkan performa terbaik dengan kuat tekan tertinggi (17,79 MPa), keausan terendah (0,014 mm/menit), dan penyerapan air rendah (3,51%) yang memenuhi mutu C. Nilai porositas dan infiltrasi variasi ini juga sesuai standar ACI 522R-10, yaitu 16,34% dan 602,96 mm/menit. Penambahan CaCO₃ terbukti meningkatkan kekuatan tekan. Pada umur 28 hari, variasi F10C3 dan F20C3 mencapai mutu C, sedangkan F0C3 dan F0C0 mencapai mutu D. Dengan demikian, substitusi fly ash hingga 20% dan tambahan CaCO3 sebesar 3% mampu meningkatkan performa mekanik paving porous tanpa mengorbankan fungsi permeabilitas, serta mendukung penerapan perkerasan berpori yang efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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Porous paving is an environmentally friendly alternative pavement material due to its ability to allow rainwater to infiltrate into the ground, thereby reducing surface runoff and supporting groundwater conservation. However, the use of cement in porous paving mixtures remains a challenge due to its high carbon emissions. The incorporation of fly ash as a partial replacement for cement offers a potential solution to reduce emissions while also utilizing industrial waste. Additionally, CaCO3 is considered as an additive to improve mechanical performance without compromising permeability. Fly ash exhibits pozzolanic properties that enable the formation of secondary C–S–H gel, while CaCO3 can accelerate early hydration and act as a micro-filler within the cement matrix.
This study aims to investigate the effect of fly ash substitution at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% on the mechanical properties and permeability of porous paving made with PCC, with the addition of 3% CaCO3 by weight of cement. The test specimens were cast in paving block form with dimensions of 21×10.5×6 cm. Compressive strength tests were conducted at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days. Abrasion resistance, water absorption, porosity, and water infiltration rate were tested at 28 and 56 days. The standards used as references include SNI 03-0691-1996 and ACI 522R-10.
The results showed that compressive strength at 28 and 56 days for variations F0C3, F10C3, F20C3, F30C3, F40C3, and F0C0 were 14,37 and 15,83; 15,46 and 17,01; 16,70 and 17,79; 9,68 and 10,36; 9,43 and 10,14; and 12,10 and 13,91 MPa, respectively, with a 6–9% increase at 56 days. Abrasion resistance values were 0,017 and 0,015; 0,016 and 0,015; 0,015 and 0,014; 0,017; 0,019 and 0,018; and 0,017 and 0,016 mm/min. Water absorption values at 28 and 56 days were 5,42% and 5,14%; 5,05% and 3,90%; 3,51% and 3,87%; and 5,84% and 5,65%, respectively. The F20C3 variation demonstrated the best overall performance with the highest compressive strength (17,79 MPa), the lowest abrasion rate (0,014 mm/min), and the lowest water absorption (3,51%), fulfilling category C requirements. Its porosity and infiltration rate, 16,34% and 602,96 mm/min respectively, also met the ACI 522R-10 standard. The addition of CaCO3 was proven to enhance early strength. On day 28, variations F10C3 and F20C3 achieved category C quality, while F0C3 and F0C0 met category D. Therefore, substituting cement with up to 20% fly ash combined with 3% CaCO₃ can significantly improve the mechanical performance of porous paving without compromising its permeability, supporting the development of efficient and sustainable pavement systems.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fly ash, Paving Porous, Kuat Tekan, Keausan, Penyerapan Air, Infiltrasi, Beton Ramah Lingkungan, Fly ash, Porous Paving, Compressive Strength, Abrasion Resistance, Water Absorption, Eco-Friendly Concrete
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA433 Strength of materials. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA439 Lightweight concrete. High strength concrete. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD427.F58 Fly ash
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Safira Tri Ramadhani
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 04:08
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 04:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125948

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