Studi Pengaruh Penambahan Silicon Dioxide Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Ketahanan Alkali Pada Magnesia-Alumina Refractory Brick

Alquds, Muhammad Faatih (2025) Studi Pengaruh Penambahan Silicon Dioxide Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Ketahanan Alkali Pada Magnesia-Alumina Refractory Brick. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Material refraktori digunakan secara luas dalam industri semen, metalurgi, dan petrokimia karena kemampuannya yang tahan terhadap temperatur tinggi dan lingkungan ekstrem. Penggunaan bahan baku refraktori yang lebih ekonomis dan berkelanjutan dengan performa yang baik menjadi tantangan utama dalam pengembangannya. Salah satu alternatifnya adalah penggunaan silika sebagai komponen tambahan dalam material refraktori berbasis magnesia dan alumina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis performa bata tahan api berbasis magnesia-alumina dengan penambahan silika. Sintesis silika dilakukan melalui proses leaching sekam padi menggunakan HCl, diikuti dengan pemanasan dalam muffle furnace untuk mendapatkan abu sekam padi. Hasil XRF menunjukkan silika sintetis memiliki kemurnian 96% SiO₂. XRD mengindikasikan terbentuknya fase MgAl₂O₄ (spinel), MgO (periclase), dan kuarsa. SEM-EDX menunjukkan bahwa sampel 2% SiO₂ menghasilkan morfologi paling padat dan homogen dengan porositas 29.2%, lebih rendah dibandingkan sampel 4% yang mencapai 33.6%. Nilai Cold Crushing Strength (CCS) tertinggi dicapai oleh sampel 2% SiO₂ sebesar 49.57 MPa, meningkat dari 40.28 MPa (0% SiO₂) dan menurun pada 4% SiO₂ (38.62 MPa). Ketahanan abrasi tertinggi juga dimiliki sampel 2% SiO₂ dengan kehilangan volume 1,24 cm³, dibandingkan 1.71 cm³ (SiO₂ 0%) dan 2.33 cm³ (SiO₂ 4%). Uji ketahanan alkali menunjukkan penurunan massa terkecil pada 2% SiO₂ sebesar 1,92%, dibanding 3.07% (SiO₂ 0%) dan 3.91% (SiO₂ 4%). Hasil analisis TGA dan karakteristik fisik ketiga sampel, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan 2% SiO₂ memberikan kestabilan termal terbaik sekaligus meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik dan kepadatan mikrostruktur secara optimal. Komposisi ini menunjukkan kinerja paling seimbang untuk aplikasi refraktori temperatur tinggi, sementara 0% SiO₂ kurang padat dan 4% SiO₂ justru menurunkan kekuatan akibat terbentuknya fase kaca dan forsterit yang rapuh.
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Refractory materials are widely used in the cement, metallurgy, and petrochemical industries due to their ability to withstand high temperatures and extreme environments. The development of more economical and sustainable refractory raw materials with good performance remains a major challenge. One alternative is the use of silica as an additional component in magnesia alumina based refractory materials. This study aims to analyze the performance of magnesia-alumina based firebricks with the addition of silica. Silica synthesis was carried out through the leaching process of rice husk using HCl, followed by heating in a muffle furnace to obtain rice husk ash. XRF results showed the synthesized silica had a purity of 96% SiO₂. XRD confirmed the formation of MgAl₂O₄ (spinel), MgO (periclase), and quartz phases. SEM-EDX analysis indicated that the 2% SiO₂ sample had the most homogeneous and dense microstructure, with porosity of 29.2%, lower than the 33.6% observed in the 4% sample. The highest Cold Crushing Strength (CCS) was achieved by the 2% SiO₂ sample at 49.57 MPa, compared to 40.28 MPa (SiO₂ 0%) and 38.62 MPa (SiO₂ 4%). Abrasion resistance was also best in the 2% sample with a volume loss of 1.24 cm³, compared to 1.71 cm³ (SiO₂ 0%) and 2.33 cm³ (SiO₂ 4%). Alkali resistance testing showed the lowest mass loss in the SiO₂ 2% sample at 1.92%, compared to 3.07% (SiO₂ 0%) and 3.91% (SiO₂ 4%). TGA analysis and physical characteristics of the three samples, it can be concluded that the addition of 2% SiO₂ provides the best thermal stability while also enhancing mechanical strength and microstructural density. This composition demonstrates the most balanced performance for high-temperature refractory applications, whereas the 0% SiO₂ sample lacks sufficient densification, and the 4% SiO₂ sample shows reduced strength due to the formation of weak glassy and forsterite phases.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	refraktori, magnesia-alumina, silika, bata tahan api, spinel, karakterisasi, performa. refractory, magnesia-alumina, silica, firebrick, spinel, characterization, performance.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.16 Materials--Testing. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.38 Materials--Fatigue. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP245.S5 Silica gel.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Faatih Alquds
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 02:02
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 02:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125953

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