Studi Optimasi Substitusi Abu Terbang terhadap Semen pada Komposisi Beton Mutu Tinggi Memadat Sendiri

Eganingrum, Dyah Ayu Widya (2025) Studi Optimasi Substitusi Abu Terbang terhadap Semen pada Komposisi Beton Mutu Tinggi Memadat Sendiri. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 2035211089-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (26MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Self-Compacting Concrete High Volume Fly Ash (SCCHVFA) merupakan salah satu inovasi beton yang dikembangkan untuk mengurangi penggunaan semen portland dengan memanfaatkan abu terbang (fly ash) dalam jumlah tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar optimum substitusi fly ash terhadap semen agar diperoleh beton mutu tinggi memadat sendiri dengan workability, kuat tekan, dan durabilitas yang sesuai standar.
Variasi kadar fly ash tipe F dari PLTU Paiton yang digunakan adalah 0%, 30%, 40%, dan 50%. Penelitian ini menggunakan sika viscocrete 3115N sebesar 0.80% dan retarder calcium lignosulphonate 0.20% terhadap berat bahan pengikat. Rasio air terhadap bahan pengikat (w/b) sebesar 0.31 serta rasio agregat halus terhadap agregat kasar 51:49. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap workability menggunakan metode slump flow, V-funnel, dan L-box, serta uji kuat tekan pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari. Pengujian durabilitas dilakukan ini menggunakan uji Resistivitas dan Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). Komposisi pada campuran yang digunakan pada SCCHVFA-0 terdiri dari SCCHVFA-50 mampu mensubstitusi kadar abu terbang atau fly ash terhadap semen sebesar 50%. Komposisi campuran SCCHVFA-0 meliputi: semen 594 kg/m3, tanpa fly ash, air 184.10 kg/m3, agregat halus berupa pasir lumajang 796.80 kg/m3, dan agregat kasar berupa kerikil 5-10 mm 829.30 kg/m3. Komposisi campuran SCCHVFA-30 meliputi semen 415.80 kg/m3, fly ash 178.20 kg/m3, air 184.10 kg/m3, agregat halus berupa pasir lumajang 790.40 kg/m3, dan agregat kasar berupa kerikil 5-10 mm 822.60 kg/m3. Komposisi campuran SCCHVFA-40 meliputi semen 356.40 kg/m3, fly ash 237.60 kg/m3, air 184.10 kg/m3, agregat halus berupa pasir lumajang 788.20 kg/m3, dan agregat kasar berupa kerikil 5-10 mm 820.40 kg/m3. Komposisi campuran SCCHVFA-50 meliputi semen 297.00 kg/m3, fly ash 297.00 kg/m3, air 184.10 kg/m3, agregat halus berupa pasir lumajang 786.00 kg/m3, dan agregat kasar berupa kerikil 5-10 mm 818.10 kg/m3.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SCCHVFA-0 tidak memenuhi standar workability karena terjadi segregasi, kuat tekan rata-rata pada usia beton 28 hari sebesar 59.67 MPa, resistivitas dengan tingkat korosivitas sedang dan UPV dalam klasifikasi istimewa. SCCHVFA-30 hanya memenuhi parameter slump flow sebesar 620 mm, kuat tekan rata-rata pada usia beton 28 hari sebesar 56.62 MPa, resistivitas dengan tingkat korosivitas rendah dan UPV dalam klasifikasi istimewa. SCCHVFA-40 memenuhi seluruh parameter workability dengan nilai slump flow 650 mm, V-funnel 14 detik serta L-box 0.81, namun memiliki kuat tekan terendah diantara variasi lain pada umur 28 hari sebesar 35.48 MPa,resistivitas dengan tingkat korosivitas rendah, dan UPV dalam klasifikasi baik. SCCHVFA-50 menunjukkan hasil yang paling seimbang, dengan nilai slump flow sebesar 670 mm, kuat tekan 41.51 MPa pada umur 28 hari, resistivitas dengan tingkat korosivitas rendah, dan UPV dalam klasifikasi istimewa. Namun, pada pengujian V-funnel dan L-box, SCCHVFA-50 belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar EFNARC 2005. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, SCCHVFA-50 dapat dikategorikan sebagai komposisi optimum yang mampu mereduksi penggunaan semen, menurunkan biaya produksi beton mutu tinggi, dan mengurangi dampak emisi CO₂. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk melakukan modifikasi mix design agar workability dapat ditingkatkan, serta mempertimbangkan pengujian mikrostruktur, penambahan umur uji kuat tekan, variasi metode curing, dan penggunaan jenis superplasticizer lainnya.

Kata kunci: Beton, High Volume Fly Ash, Self-Compacting Concrete, Superplasticizer

========================================================================================================================

Self-Compacting Concrete High Volume Fly Ash (SCCHVFA) is an innovative type of concrete developed to reduce the use of Portland cement by utilizing high volumes of fly ash. This study aims to determine the optimum level of fly ash substitution for cement to produce high-strength self-compacting concrete with standard-compliant workability, compressive strength, and durability.
The study used Type F fly ash sourced from the Paiton power plant at substitution levels of 0%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Sika Viscocrete 3115N was used as a superplasticizer at 0.80%, and calcium lignosulphonate as a retarder at 0.20% of the binder weight. The water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was maintained at 0.31, with a fine-to-coarse aggregate ratio of 51:49. Workability was assessed using slump flow, V-funnel, and L-box tests. Compressive strength was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Durability was evaluated through Resistivity and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests.The mix design for SCCHVFA-0 (0% fly ash) consisted of 594 kg/m³ of cement, 184.10 kg/m³ of water, 796.80 kg/m³ of Lumajang sand (fine aggregate), and 829.30 kg/m³ of 5–10 mm gravel (coarse aggregate). SCCHVFA-30 used 415.80 kg/m³ of cement and 178.20 kg/m³ of fly ash. SCCHVFA-40 used 356.40 kg/m³ of cement and 237.60 kg/m³ of fly ash. SCCHVFA-50 used 297.00 kg/m³ of cement and 297.00 kg/m³ of fly ash.
The remaining components (water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate) were kept relatively consistent across mixtures.
The results showed that SCCHVFA-0 did not meet workability standards due to segregation but achieved a high 28-day compressive strength of 59.67 MPa, moderate resistivity (indicating medium corrosivity), and excellent UPV classification. SCCHVFA-30 met only the slump flow criterion at 620 mm, with a 28-day compressive strength of 56.62 MPa, low corrosivity, and excellent UPV. SCCHVFA-40 met all workability parameters (slump flow 650 mm, V-funnel 14 seconds, L-box 0.81), but had the lowest 28-day compressive strength at 35.48 MPa, low corrosivity, and good UPV. SCCHVFA-50 demonstrated the most balanced performance, with a slump flow of 670 mm, 28-day compressive strength of 41.51 MPa, low corrosivity, and excellent UPV. However, its V-funnel and L-box results did not fully meet EFNARC 2005 standards. Based on these findings, SCCHVFA-50 can be considered the optimum composition, capable of reducing cement usage, lowering production costs of high-strength concrete, and minimizing CO₂ emissions. Future studies are recommended to modify the mix design to further enhance workability, and to explore microstructure analysis, extended compressive strength testing ages, curing method variations, and the use of different types of superplasticizers.

Keywords: Concrete, High Volume Fly Ash, Self-Compacting Concrete, Superplasticizer

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Concrete, High Volume Fly Ash, Self-Compacting Concrete, Superplasticizer
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA433 Strength of materials. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA439 Lightweight concrete. High strength concrete. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA681 Concrete construction T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD427.F58 Fly ash
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Dyah Ayu Widya Eganingrum
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 02:07
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 02:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125970

Actions (login required)

View Item