Optimasi Rute Berbasis Weather Routing Untuk Industri Pelayaran Di Indonesia : Studi Kasus Kapal Petikemas

Sakaputra, Gede Dhiyo (2025) Optimasi Rute Berbasis Weather Routing Untuk Industri Pelayaran Di Indonesia : Studi Kasus Kapal Petikemas. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Organisasi Maritim Internasional (IMO) mendorong strategi pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca dari industri pelayaran melalui target dekarbonisasi hingga tahun 2050. Strategi ini menuntut efisiensi operasional kapal, termasuk dalam aspek rute pelayaran. Di sisi lain, Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan sangat bergantung pada moda transportasi laut, namun pelayarannya masih menghadapi tantangan besar terkait variabilitas cuaca yang dapat meningkatkan konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi secara signifikan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan model optimasi rute berbasis cuaca (weather routing) untuk kapal petikemas dengan mempertimbangkan dampak kondisi cuaca terhadap kecepatan kapal, hambatan total, kebutuhan daya mesin, konsumsi bahan bakar, dan emisi. Data cuaca diperoleh dari BMKG-OFS dan dikonversi ke dalam skala Beaufort. Titik-titik potensial rute disusun dalam bentuk grid, dan setiap kombinasi rute dihitung menggunakan metode numerik untuk memperoleh nilai konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi. Optimasi dilakukan dengan pendekatan pemrograman biner melalui pemilihan kombinasi titik rute (waypoint) dengan dampak cuaca paling minim terhadap kecepatan kapal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam kondisi cuaca buruk, kecepatan kapal dapat menurun hingga 17% tergantung arah dan intensitas gelombang. Dengan menggunakan optimasi rute berbasis cuaca, konsumsi bahan bakar kapal kecil pada rute pendek dapat berkurang sebesar 3,29% dan emisi CO₂ berkurang sebesar 3,27% dibandingkan dengan rute konvensional. Selain itu, terjadi perubahan frekuensi pelayaran dalam enam bulan, yaitu dari 38 pelayaran menjadi 41 pelayaran pada kapal kecil di rute pendek, yang menunjukkan peningkatan efisiensi operasional. Lalu biaya transportasi petikemas juga ikut turun akibat penggunaan optimasi rute berbasis cuaca. Untuk rute pendek dengan kapal kecil di Indonesia Timur, biaya transportasi turun menjadi 18,64 jt-Rp dari 19,29 jt-Rp di pelayaran sepanjang tahun 2025. Dengan demikian, penerapan optimasi rute berbasis cuaca tidak hanya mampu menjawab tantangan pelayaran saat menghadapi cuaca buruk, tetapi juga terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi, serta meningkatkan produktivitas pelayaran. Strategi ini sejalan dengan arah kebijakan IMO menuju pelayaran yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan
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The International Maritime Organization (IMO) promotes a strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry, targeting decarbonization by 2050. This strategy demands enhanced operational efficiency of vessels, including route optimization. On the other hand, Indonesia, as an archipelagic nation heavily reliant on maritime transportation, faces significant challenges due to weather variability, which can substantially increase fuel consumption and emissions. This research develops a weather routing model for container ships, considering the impact of weather conditions on vessel speed, total resistance, engine power requirements, fuel consumption, and emissions. Weather data is sourced from BMKG-OFS and converted into the Beaufort scale. Potential route points are organized into a grid, and each route combination is calculated using numerical methods to determine fuel consumption and emission values. Optimization is performed using a binary programming approach by selecting route waypoints with the least weather impact on vessel speed. The research findings indicate that under adverse weather conditions, vessel speed can decrease by up to 17% depending on wave direction and intensity. By applying weather-based route optimization, fuel consumption for small vessels on short routes can be reduced by 3.29%, and CO₂ emissions can be lowered by 3.27% compared to conventional routes. Additionally, there is a change in sailing frequency over six months, increasing from 38 to 41 sailings for small vessels on short routes, demonstrating improved operational efficiency. Furthermore, transportation costs for container shipping also decrease due to the use of weather-based route optimization. For short routes with small vessels in Eastern Indonesia, transportation costs dropped to IDR 18.64 million from IDR 19.29 million throughout 2025. Thus, implementing weather-based route optimization not only addresses the challenges of sailing in adverse weather but also proves effective in reducing fuel consumption and emissions while enhancing sailing productivity. This strategy aligns with IMO's policy direction toward more environmentally friendly and sustainable shipping

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cuaca buruk, Emisi, Kapal petikemas, Konsumsi bahan bakar, Optimasi rute, Weather routing. Bad weather, Emissions, Container ship, , Fuel consumption, Route optimization, Weather routing
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VK > VK555 Navigation. V Naval Science > VK > VK570 Optimum ship routing. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM276.A1 Fuel (Including supplies, costs, etc.) V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM751 Resistance and propulsion of ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Sea Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Gede Dhiyo Sakaputra
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 02:23
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 07:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126152

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