Analisis Dampak Struktur Pemecah Ombak (Breakwater) Terhadap Morfologi Pantai Tanjung Pakis, Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan Menggunakan Mike21

SODHIKIN, MOCHAMMAD RIFAI (2025) Analisis Dampak Struktur Pemecah Ombak (Breakwater) Terhadap Morfologi Pantai Tanjung Pakis, Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan Menggunakan Mike21. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara sangat dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas perdagangan internasional, terutama ekspor dan impor. Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) 2022, nilai ekspor Indonesia mencapai US$291,97 miliar, meningkat 26,07% dibanding tahun sebelumnya, sementara nilai impor naik 21,07% menjadi US$237,52 miliar. Sebanyak 95,4% aktivitas ekspor menggunakan moda transportasi laut, yang menuntut adanya fasilitas pelabuhan yang memadai. Salah satu proyek yang dikembangkan untuk mendukung perdagangan internasional adalah East Java Multipurpose Terminal (EJMT) di Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan. Namun, kawasan pesisir lokasi tersebut menghadapi permasalahan berupa gelombang tinggi akibat angin muson barat yang berpotensi mengganggu aktivitas pelabuhan dan memicu sedimentasi.
Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dibangun struktur pemecah ombak (breakwater) sebagai pelindung pantai yang dapat meredam gelombang, mengurangi pendangkalan, dan menjaga aktivitas pelabuhan tetap aman. Namun, keberadaan breakwater juga dapat menyebabkan perubahan pola arus dan sedimentasi yang berdampak pada morfologi pantai, seperti abrasi dan akresi, yang memengaruhi stabilitas garis pantai dan aktivitas masyarakat pesisir.
Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh breakwater terhadap pola arus, gelombang, dan sedimentasi di kawasan pelabuhan. Pada kondisi tanpa breakwater, arus dan gelombang dari laut terbuka masuk ke area pelabuhan dan menyebabkan penumpukan sedimen di titik-titik tertentu. Setelah dipasang breakwater, arus dan gelombang berkurang, namun sedimentasi masih tinggi di area penting seperti T1 dan T2. Desain alternatif dengan penambahan breakwater di sisi timur mampu meredam gelombang dari arah timur laut dan memperbaiki sebaran arus serta sedimen. Hasilnya, sedimentasi rata-rata turun menjadi 0.011 m per 10 tahun dan kebutuhan pengerukan menjadi lebih rendah.
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A country's economic growth is greatly influenced by international trade activities, particularly exports and imports. According to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2022, Indonesia's export value reached US$291.97 billion, an increase of 26.07% compared to the previous year, while import value rose by 21.07% to US$237.52 billion. As much as 95.4% of export activities utilize sea transportation, which necessitates adequate port facilities. One project developed to support international trade is the East Java Multipurpose Terminal (EJMT) in Paciran Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency. However, the coastal area of the location faces issues such as high waves caused by the southwest monsoon winds, which could disrupt port activities and trigger sedimentation.
To address these issues, a breakwater structure was constructed as a coastal protection measure to reduce wave height, minimize sedimentation, and ensure safe port operations. However, the presence of the breakwater can also alter current patterns and sedimentation, affecting coastal morphology such as erosion and accretion, which impacts coastal stability and the activities of coastal communities.
This study examines the impact of the breakwater on morphological changes around the EJMT Wharf at Tanjung Pakis Beach, using MIKE 21 modeling. Without the breakwater, currents and waves from the open sea directly enter the port, causing sediment accumulation, particularly around wharves T1 and T8. After the breakwater was installed, currents and waves did decrease, but sedimentation still occurred at key points such as T1 and T2. Since the initial breakwater position was not effective enough, a structure was added on the east side to block waves from the northeast. As a result, this alternative design was able to reduce sedimentation and significantly reduce the need for dredging.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Breakwater, Morfologi, Mike21, Breakwater, Morphology
Subjects:	Q Science > QE Geology > QE571 Sedimentation and deposition. Sediment transport. Erosion.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Mochammad Rifai Sodhikin
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 01:48
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 01:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126272

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