Fitri, Dina (2025) Pengaruh Suhu pada Sintesis Asetin dari Gliserol Produk Samping Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis K₂CO₃. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Hasil samping biodiesel gliserol yang melimpah dari industri biodiesel dapat dikonversi menjadi senyawa bernilai tambah seperti asetin, yaitu ester turunan gliserol yang berfungsi sebagai bioaditif untuk meningkatkan sifat fluiditas dan kestabilan pembakaran bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis asetin (monoasetin, diasetin, dan triasetin) melalui reaksi transesterifikasi antara gliserol dan etil asetat menggunakan katalis basa heterogen kalium karbonat (K2CO3), serta mengkaji pengaruh suhu terhadap rendemen dan komposisi produk.Reaksi dilakukan dengan rasio molar gliserol:etil asetat 1:10 pada suhu 76°C, 78°C, dan 80°C selama 12 jam dengan sistem refluks. Pemantauan reaksi dilakukan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), dan karakterisasi produk dilakukan dengan kromatografi gas–spektrometri massa (KG-SM). Hasil maksimum menunjukkan pada suhu refluks 76°C dengan rendemen tertinggi sebesar 76,25%. Komposisi produk berdasarkan analisis KG-SM terdiri dari monoasetin(13,62%), diasetin (66,54%), dan triasetin (19,83%), dengan dominasi diasetin sebagai
komponen utama.
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The abundant glycerol byproduct generated from the biodiesel industry can be converted into value-added compounds such as acetin, a glycerol-derived ester that functions as a bioadditive to enhance the fluidity and combustion stability of fuel. This study aims to synthesize acetin (monoacetin, diacetin, and triacetin) through a transesterification reaction between glycerol and ethyl acetate using potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as a heterogeneous base catalyst, and to examine the effect of reaction temperature on yield and product composition. The reaction was carried out at a molar ratio of glycerol:ethyl acetate of 1:10, at temperatures of 76°C, 78°C, and 80°C for 12 hours under a reflux system. Reaction progress was monitored using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and product characterization was performed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimum result was obtained at 76°C, with the highest yield of 76.25%. Product composition based on GC-MS analysis consisted of monoacetin (13.62%), diacetin (66.54%), and triacetin (19.83%), with diacetin identified as the predominant component.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioaditif, Fluiditas, Gliserol, Sintesis Asetin, Kromatografi Gas; Spektrometer massa, Glycerol, Acetin synthesis, Bioadditive, Fluidity, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry |
| Subjects: | Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dina Fitri |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2025 04:05 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Aug 2025 03:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126502 |
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