Pemodelan Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan Pendekatan Ekonometrika Spasial Data Panel

Ruslan, Muhamad Rafiudin (2025) Pemodelan Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan Pendekatan Ekonometrika Spasial Data Panel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan antar wilayah masih menjadi permasalahan utama dalam pembangunan ekonomi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Salah satu indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukurnya adalah Rasio Gini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap Rasio Gini dengan menggunakan pendekatan regresi spasial data panel. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari 27 kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat selama periode 2018–2024. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi pemodelan Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) dan Spatial Error Model (SEM) dengan pendekatan fixed effects dan random effects, serta matriks pembobot spasial customize contiguity. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model terbaik adalah SAR dengan pendekatan random effects, dengan nilai R-squared sebesar 73,47%. Estimasi model menunjukkan bahwa variabel Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) dan Persentase Penduduk Miskin (PPM) berpengaruh positif terhadap Rasio Gini, sedangkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) per kapita, Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK), dan Rata-rata Lama Sekolah (RLS) berpengaruh negatif. Selain itu, koefisien spasial yang signifikan mengindikasikan adanya pengaruh spasial langsung, menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan di suatu wilayah turut dipengaruhi oleh kondisi wilayah sekitarnya.
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Income inequality between regions remains a major challenge in the economic development of West Java Province. One of the key indicators used to measure this inequality is the Gini Ratio. This study aims to analyze the influence of socioeconomic factors on the Gini Ratio using a spatial panel data regression approach. The data used are secondary data from 27 regencies/cities in West Java, covering the period from 2018 to 2024. The analytical methods employed include the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) and the Spatial Error Model (SEM), with both fixed effects and random effects estimations, and a customize spatial weight matrix to capture inter-regional influences. The results show that the best model is SAR with a random effects approach, which yields a R-squared value of 73.47%. The estimation results indicate that the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) and the Poverty Rate (PR) have a significant and positive effect on the Gini Ratio, while Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita, Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Average Years of Schooling (YoS) have a significant and negative effect. In addition, the significant spatial coefficient indicates the presence of direct spatial effects, showing that inequality in one region is also influenced by neighboring regions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Rasio Gini, Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Regresi Spasial, Jawa Barat, Spatial Autoregressive Model, Gini Ratio, Income Inequality, Spatial Regression, West Java, Spatial Autoregressive Model
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA30.6 Spatial analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Statistics > 49201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhamad Rafiudin Ruslan
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 01:06
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2025 07:28
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126545

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