Penentuan Kawasan Prioritas Konservasi Di Jawa Timur Berdasarkan Faktor Aktivitas Manusia Dan Biodiversitas

Pranoto, Fauzi Aditya (2025) Penentuan Kawasan Prioritas Konservasi Di Jawa Timur Berdasarkan Faktor Aktivitas Manusia Dan Biodiversitas. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Provinsi Jawa Timur memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi namun terancam oleh meningkatnya aktivitas manusia seperti urbanisasi dan alih fungsi lahan. Sebagai bentuk upaya perlindungan terhadap keanekaragaman hayati ditetapkannya Protected Area (PA). Pengelolaan Protected Area (PA) di Jawa Timur mencapai nilai efektivitas rata-rata kumulatif sebesar 75,23 poin pada tahun 2022. Namun, setidaknya 10 spesies meliputi penyu hijau, macan tutul, beberapa jenis katak, dan sejumlah spesies burung mengalami penurunan populasi. Selain itu, selama 1 dekade (2011-2021) telah terjadi penurunan luas hutan lindung sebesar -8,3%, yakni dari 344.742 ha menjadi 316.186,5 ha, dan hutan konservasi sebesar -1,3%, yakni dari 233.632 ha menjadi 230.654,6 ha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kawasan prioritas konservasi di Jawa Timur berdasarkan faktor aktivitas manusia dan faktor biodiversitas melalui pendekatan Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) dan Geographic Information System (GIS). Metode MCDA yang digunakan yakni Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation (CRITIC) untuk menentukan bobot faktor dari masing-masing kriteria yang kemudian digabungkan menggunakan weighted sum untuk menghitung nilai kawasan prioritas konservasi. Data yang digunakan mencakup kepadatan penduduk, kerapatan vegetasi, jarak terhadap infrastruktur, jejak antropogenik, kekayaan spesies, status kelangkaan, serta tren populasi spesies. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria dengan bobot tertinggi dari faktor aktivitas manusia yakni jarak terhadap infrastruktur (0,177), dan faktor dari biodiversitas yakni tren populasi spesies (0,158). Hasil weighted sum menghasilkan nilai kawasan prioritas konservasi yang terdiri dari prioritas tinggi (2.462,6 km2) dan prioritas sedang (6.476,7 km2) yang tersebar di area pegunungan dan hutan dimana pada area tersebut tekanan aktivitas manusia umumnya rendah serta memiliki nilai konservasi tinggi. Sementara itu, kawasan prioritas rendah (6.874,6 km2), prioritas sangat rendah (16.257,9 km2), dan bukan prioritas (13.644,1 km2) yang berada di area pertanian hingga area terbangun.
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East Java Province has high biodiversity but is threatened by increasing human activities such as urbanization and land-use change. As an effort to protect biodiversity, Protected Areas (PA) have been designated. The management of Protected Areas (PA) in East Java achieved an average cumulative effectiveness score of 75.23 points in 2022. However, at least 10 species including green turtles, leopards, several types of frogs, and a number of bird species, have experienced population declines. In addition, over a decade (2011–2021), there has been a decrease in protected forests by -8.3%, from 344,742 ha to 316,186.5 ha, and in conservation forests by -1.3%, from 233,632 ha to 230,654.6 ha. This study aims to determine conservation priority areas in East Java by integrating the human activity and biodiversity factors through a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. The MCDA method used is the Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation (CRITIC) to determine the factor weights of each criterion, which were subsequently aggregated using a weighted sum model to calculate conservation priority area values. The data utilized include population density, vegetation density, distance to infrastructure, anthropogenic footprint, species richness, RedList status, and species population trends. The results of the study show that the highest-weighted criterion from human activity factors is distance to infrastructure (0.177), and from biodiversity factors is species population trend (0.158). the weighted sum analysis produced conservation priority area values comprising high-priority areas (2,462.6 km2) and medium-priority areas (6,476.7 km2), primarily located in forested and mountainous areas where human pressure is relatively low and conservation value is high. Conversely, low-priority (6,874.6 km2), very low-priority (16,257.9 km2), and non-priority areas (13,644.1 km2) are predominantly found in agricultural and built-up areas.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kawasan Prioritas Konservasi, Protected Area, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Conservation Priority Area, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.212 ArcGIS. Geographic information systems. G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.5.I4 Remote sensing
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Regional and Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Fauzi Aditya Pranoto
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 01:57
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 01:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126582

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