Formulasi Insentif Sebagai Instrumen Pengendali Alih Fungsi Kawasan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (KP2B) Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo

Diska, Nabila Azzahra Tiara Diska (2025) Formulasi Insentif Sebagai Instrumen Pengendali Alih Fungsi Kawasan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (KP2B) Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Terjadinya penurunan luas KP2B di Kabupaten Sidoarjo dipengaruhi pesatnya pembangunan industri dan perumahan yang memicu alih fungsi lahan serta berdampak pada keberlanjutan Kawasan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (KP2B). Berdasarkan RTRW Kabupaten Sidoarjo Tahun 2024–2044, luas KP2B berkurang dari 7.135,69 hektar menjadi 6.750 hektar yang tersebar di 12 kecamatan. Untuk mengendalikan konversi lahan tersebut, diperlukan instrumen pengendalian berupa insentif yang mampu menjaga keberlanjutan KP2B sekaligus mendorong petani mempertahankan fungsi lahannya Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merumuskan formulasi insentif sebagai instrumen pengendali alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi bentuk insentif berdasarkan Pemerintah Daerah dan Petani Pemilik Lahan/Petani KP2B melalui in-depth interview lalu dianalisis menggunakan content analysis. Formulasi insentif selanjutnya disusun berdasarkan hasil analisis pada sasaran sebelumnya yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan kebijakan sektor pertanian serta best practice di wilayah lain yang juga memperhatikan kondisi petani, harapan petani serta kemampuan Pemerintah Daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga belas bentuk insentif. Subsidi benih diberikan sebesar 40-50% dari total kebutuhan per hektar. Subsidi pupuk mencapai 40-50% dari total kebutuhan pupuk per hektar dan pemberian subsidi potongan harga berkisar 10-20% dari harga awal, Bantuan pestisida disalurkan sebanyak 1-2 liter per hektar, Bantuan Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 1-3 liter per hektar, Bantuan pemeliharaan/perbaikan Sarana Irigasi minimal 1 kali tiap masa tanam, Bantuan pemeliharaan/perbaikan Jalan Usaha Tani Minimal 1 kali saat masa tanam, Bantuan Pemberian Alat Angkutan berupa kendaraan roda tradisional atau truk angkut. Selain itu, pemberian alsintan pra panen (traktor, pompa, dan mesin tanam) serta pasca panen (mesin perontok padi dan penggiling padi). Pemberian peningkatan kapasitas petani melalui pelatihan dan edukasi (baik itu edukasi pada penggunaan sarana pertanian agar optimal, edukasi alsintan modern, edukasi pemeliharaan sarana irigasi dan distribusi, serta pemasaran hasil pertanian). Di samping itu, imbalan diberikan berdasarkan kerja sama dengan petani (bantuan yang diberikan dapat berupa bantuan sarana pertanian, sarana irigasi, sarana distribusi, alsintan, dan pelatihan pengelolaan pertanian bagi petani). Penghargaan diberikan kepada petani berprestasi yang mengikuti kriteria Permentan No. 80/Permentan/OT.140/8/2013 serta penghargaan yang berasal dari pemerintah daerah atau kerja sama pihak lainnya yang setidaknya diberikan minimal 1 tahu sekali. Publikasi dan promosi terkait KP2B juga dilaksanakan dua kali setahun. Modal dengan suku bunga maksimal 4% disediakan melalui KURD Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Selain itu terdapat insentif untuk menjaga stabilitas harga jual hasil pertanian, seperti harga gabah yang ditetapkan pada Rp6.500/kg sesuai dengan Keputusan Bapanas Nomor 14 Tahun 2025. Formulasi ini diharapkan mampu mendukung keberlanjutan KP2B, meningkatkan produktivitas, dan menyejahterakan petani sesuai karakteristik lahan pertaniannya.
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The decrease in the area of Sustainable Food Agricultural Areas (KP2B) in Sidoarjo Regency is influenced by the rapid development of industries and housing, which leads to land-use changes and impacts the sustainability of KP2B. According to the Sidoarjo Regency Spatial Planning (RTRW) for 2024–2044, the area of KP2B has decreased from 7,135.69 hectares to 6,750 hectares, spread across 12 sub-districts. To control land conversion, regulatory instruments in the form of incentives are needed to maintain the sustainability of KP2B and encourage farmers to preserve the function of their land. The objective of this study is to formulate incentives as an instrument to control agricultural land conversion in Sidoarjo Regency. The research method involved identifying types of incentives based on local government and KP2B landowners/farmers through in-depth interviews, which were then analyzed using content analysis. The incentive formulation was developed based on the results of previous analysis, then compared with agricultural sector policies and best practices from other regions while considering the conditions and expectations of farmers, as well as the capacity of the local government. The research results indicate thirteen types of incentives. Seed subsidies are provided at 40-50% of the total per-hectare needs. Fertilizer subsidies reach 40-50% of the total fertilizer needs per hectare, with a price discount ranging from 10-20% of the original price. Pesticide assistance is provided at 1-2 liters per hectare, and growth regulator assistance is given at 1-3 liters per hectare. Maintenance and repair of irrigation infrastructure is provided at least once per planting season, as well as the maintenance and repair of farm access roads. Assistance in providing transport vehicles, such as traditional carts or trucks, is also available. Additionally, pre-harvest mechanization (tractors, pumps, and planters) and post-harvest mechanization (rice threshers and grinders) are provided. Farmers also receive capacity-building assistance through training and education, including the optimal use of agricultural tools, modern mechanization, irrigation maintenance, distribution, and agricultural product marketing. In addition, rewards are given based on cooperation with farmers, which can include assistance in agricultural tools, irrigation systems, distribution, mechanization, and farm management training. Recognition is granted to outstanding farmers who meet the criteria set out in the Ministry of Agriculture Regulation No. 80/Permentan/OT.140/8/2013, as well as recognition from local governments or other partners, awarded at least once per year. Publication and promotion related to KP2B are carried out twice a year. Capital with a maximum interest rate of 4% is provided through KURD in Sidoarjo Regency. Furthermore, incentives are provided to maintain the stability of agricultural product prices, such as the price of harvested dry rice, which is set at IDR 6,500 per kilogram in accordance with Bapanas Decree No. 14 of 2025. This formulation is expected to support the sustainability of KP2B, increase productivity, and improve the welfare of farmers according to the characteristics of their agricultural land.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Insentif, KP2B, Alih Fungsi Lahan, Kabupaten Sidoarjo Incentive, KP2B, Land Use Conversion, Sidoarjo Regency
Subjects:	J Political Science > JS Local government Municipal government
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Regional and Urban Planning
Depositing User:	Nabila Azzahra Tiara Diska
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 10:54
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 10:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126593

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