Al Haqqi, Mohammad Danish (2025) Spatial Transformation And Community Dynamics: Assessing JIIPE's Impact On Land Use And Well-Being In Manyar, Gresik. Other thesis, Insitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Industrialisasi yang pesat di Kabupaten Gresik, khususnya dengan berdirinya Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE), telah menyebabkan transformasi penggunaan lahan dan perubahan struktur sosial-ekonomi di Kecamatan Manyar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi transformasi spasial serta dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan mengintegrasikan analisis Geographic Information Systems (GIS) dan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Melalui teknik penginderaan jauh dan klasifikasi Random Forest, perubahan penggunaan lahan dari tahun 2011 hingga 2024 dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi pergeseran dari lanskap agraris dan pesisir menuju kawasan industri dan perkotaan. Selain itu, kesejahteraan masyarakat dievaluasi berdasarkan indikator ekonomi (pendapatan, peluang kerja, akses ekonomi lokal), sosial (akses pendidikan, akses kesehatan, kohesi sosial), dan lingkungan (kualitas air, Polusi Air, ruang terbuka hijau) melalui survei persepsi masyarakat dan wawancara pakar. Hasil AHP menunjukkan bahwa dimensi kesejahteraan ekonomi memiliki prioritas tertinggi, diikuti oleh aspek sosial dan lingkungan, yang mencerminkan kekhawatiran masyarakat terhadap ketersediaan pekerjaan dan kesenjangan pendapatan akibat ekspansi industri. Analisis overlay spasial lebih lanjut mengidentifikasi wilayah dengan kerentanan tinggi terhadap disrupsi sosial-ekonomi dan degradasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya perencanaan spasial yang inklusif untuk menyeimbangkan pembangunan industri dengan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang berkelanjutan serta perlindungan lingkungan.
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The rapid industrialization in Gresik, particularly with the establishment of the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE), has significantly transformed land-use patterns and socio-economic structures in Manyar District. This study aims to evaluate the spatial transformation and its impact on community well-being by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Using remote sensing techniques and Random Forest classification, land-use changes from 2011 to 2024 were analyzed to identify shifts from agricultural and coastal landscapes to industrial and urban uses. Additionally, community well-being was assessed based on economic (income, employment opportunities, local economic access), social (education access, health access, social cohesion), and environmental (water quality, Water Pollution, green open spaces) indicators through stakeholder surveys and expert interviews. The AHP results highlight that economic well-being has the highest priority, followed by social and environmental aspects, reflecting community concerns about job availability and income disparity in the wake of industrial expansion. Spatial overlay analysis further indicates areas of high vulnerability to socio-economic disruption and environmental degradation. This research underscores the need for inclusive spatial planning that balances industrial development with sustainable community welfare and environmental protection.
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