Evaluasi dan Optimasi Performa Instalasi Ground-Mounted Photovoltaic Plant Pada Renewable Energy Laboratory REIDI ITS

Simanjuntak, Romando Januar Gabriel (2025) Evaluasi dan Optimasi Performa Instalasi Ground-Mounted Photovoltaic Plant Pada Renewable Energy Laboratory REIDI ITS. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan energi dan dampak negatif dari bahan bakar fosil mendorong pengembangan energi terbarukan, khususnya tenaga surya yang melimpah di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Performa sistem fotovoltaik (PV) sangat dipengaruhi oleh parameter desain, terutama sudut kemiringan (tilt angle), di mana pemasangan yang kurang tepat dapat menyebabkan kehilangan potensi energi maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengoptimalkan performa instalasi ground-mounted PV di Renewable Energy Laboratory (REIDI) ITS untuk memaksimalkan daya keluaran dan kelayakan ekonominya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode berbasis analisis numerik dan simulasi. Pengumpulan data meliputi data operasional aktual (iradiasi, daya keluaran, temperatur) dari sistem PLTS REIDI ITS dan data spesifikasi teknis sistem eksisting. Analisis data dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan: validasi data simulasi dari perangkat lunak PVsyst 8.0.6 terhadap data aktual untuk memastikan akurasi model; perhitungan teoretis menggunakan persamaan sudut datang matahari (cosθ) untuk menentukan rentang sudut kemiringan potensial; simulasi variasi tilt angle dari 0° hingga 12° pada PVsyst 8.0.6 untuk menemukan output energi tahunan tertinggi; dan analisis ekonomi dengan menghitung Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) dan Payback Period (PBP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sudut kemiringan optimal untuk sudut kemiringan yang sama pada arah hadap Utara dan Selatan pada instalasi PLTS di lokasi REIDI ITS adalah 2°, dengan energi tahunan yang dapat dihasilkan sebesar 81.477 kWh, meningkat 1,53% atau setara dengan 1.231 kWh per tahun dibandingkan konfigurasi eksisting (12°) yang menghasilkan 80.246 kWh. Peningkatan performa ini berdampak positif pada aspek ekonomi, dengan penurunan LCOE dari Rp 1.228/kWh menjadi Rp 1.209/kWh dan percepatan Payback Period dari 10,98 tahun menjadi 8,02 tahun. Selain itu, potensi pengurangan emisi karbon juga meningkat menjadi 68,44 tonCO2/tahun. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa optimasi sudut kemiringan dari 12° menjadi 2° terbukti secara efektif dapat meningkatkan performa teknis dan kelayakan finansial sistem PLTS ground-mounted di REIDI ITS. Hasil ini memberikan rekomendasi desain yang dapat diimplementasikan secara langsung oleh REIDI ITS untuk meningkatkan produksi energi dan mempercepat pengembalian investasi.
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The increasing demand for energy and the negative impacts of fossil fuels have driven the development of renewable energy sources, particularly solar energy, which is abundant in tropical regions such as Indonesia. The performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is significantly influenced by design parameters, especially the tilt angle, where improper installation can result in substantial energy losses. This study aims to evaluate and optimize the performance of a ground-mounted PV installation at the Renewable Energy Laboratory (REIDI), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), in order to maximize energy output and economic feasibility. The research adopts a methodology based on numerical analysis and simulation. Data collection includes actual operational data (irradiance, power output, temperature) from the REIDI ITS solar power system and technical specifications of the existing system. The data analysis comprises several stages: validation of PVsyst 8.0.6 simulation data against actual measurements to ensure model accuracy; theoretical calculations using the solar incidence angle equation (cosθ) to determine the potential tilt angle range; simulation of tilt angle variations from 0° to 12° using PVsyst 8.0.6 to identify the configuration yielding the highest annual energy output; and an economic analysis through the calculation of the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and Payback Period (PBP). The results indicate that the optimal tilt angle for both North- and South-facing panels at the REIDI ITS installation is 2°, producing an annual energy output of 81,477 kWh—an increase of 1.53% or 1,231 kWh per year compared to the existing configuration (12°), which generates 80 ,246 kWh. This performance improvement has a positive economic impact, reducing the LCOE from IDR 1,228/kWh to IDR 1,209/kWh and shortening the Payback Period from 10.98 years to 8.02 years. Additionally, the potential for carbon emission reduction increases to 68.44 tons of CO₂ per year. The study concludes that optimizing the tilt angle from 12° to 2° effectively enhances both the technical performance and financial viability of the ground-mounted PV system at REIDI ITS. These findings provide practical design recommendations that can be directly implemented by REIDI ITS to increase energy production and accelerate investment returns.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Photovoltaic, Irradiance, Efisiensi, Ground-mounted PV, Levelized Cost of Energy, Payback Period, Photovoltaic, Irradiance, Eficiency, Ground-mounted PV, Levelized Cost of Energy, Payback Period
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Romando Januar Gabriel Simanjuntak
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 06:35
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 06:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126669

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