Andhini, Fayzafika Putri (2025) Redesign Engine Room Layout After Conversion Of Ropax In Perspective Of Ship Ergonomics And Evacuation Time. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Peningkatan urgensi untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca di sektor maritim mendorong
penerapan sistem propulsi hibrida, khususnya pada kapal ROPAX. Penelitian ini berfokus pada
perancangan ulang tata letak ruang mesin kapal ROPAX setelah konversi dari propulsi diesel ke
propulsi hibrida, ditinjau dari aspek ergonomi kapal dan waktu evakuasi. Kondisi ruang mesin
sebelumnya menunjukkan tantangan keselamatan, terutama saat kondisi darurat, akibat keterbatasan
akses dan jalur evakuasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak konversi
terhadap penataan permesinan, menerapkan prinsip ergonomi berdasarkan standar ABS, serta menilai
peningkatan keselamatan melalui simulasi evakuasi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi perancangan
ulang tata letak ruang mesin dengan memperhatikan data antropometri operator Asia Tenggara serta
pemenuhan standar evakuasi SOLAS. Simulasi evakuasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak
Pathfinder dalam dua kondisi: siang dan malam hari, dengan skenario normal maupun terganggu. Hasil
simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tata letak baru secara signifikan mempercepat waktu evakuasi, terutama
pada kasus evakuasi sekunder. Faktor utama peningkatan ini adalah penambahan tangga baru pada
ruang mesin Forepeak (ER FP). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan desain ergonomis serta
peningkatan jalur evakuasi mampu meningkatkan keselamatan dan efisiensi operasional pada kapal
dengan sistem propulsi hibrida. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi panduan praktis bagi perancang kapal
dalam melakukan retrofit ruang mesin yang lebih aman dan efektif.
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The increasing urgency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the maritime sector has
driven the adoption of hybrid propulsion systems, particularly on ROPAX vessels. This study
focuses on the redesign of the engine room layout of ROPAX vessels following conversion
from diesel propulsion to hybrid propulsion, taking into account ship ergonomics and
evacuation time. The previous engine room layout posed safety challenges, especially during
emergencies, due to limited access and inadequate evacuation routes. Therefore, this study
aims to evaluate the impact of the conversion on the engine layout, apply ergonomic principles
based on ABS standards, and assess safety improvements through evacuation simulations. The
methods used include redesigning the engine room layout considering anthropometric data of
Southeast Asian operators and compliance with SOLAS evacuation standards. Evacuation
simulations were conducted using Pathfinder software under two conditions: daytime and
nighttime, with normal and disrupted scenarios. Simulation results indicate that the new layout
significantly reduces evacuation time, particularly in secondary evacuation scenarios. The
primary factor contributing to this improvement is the addition of new stairs in the Forepeak
Engine Room (ER FP). This study concludes that the implementation of ergonomic design and
improved evacuation routes can enhance safety and operational efficiency on ships with hybrid
propulsion systems. The findings of this research can serve as a practical guide for ship
designers in renovating engine rooms to make them safer and more effective.
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