Arsitektur dan Sistem Sensorik: Aplikasi Neuroarchitecture dalam Sekolah Dasar Penyandang Autisme

Andristi, Berlian Salvia (2025) Arsitektur dan Sistem Sensorik: Aplikasi Neuroarchitecture dalam Sekolah Dasar Penyandang Autisme. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) atau yang umum disebut dengan autisme merupakan suatu gangguan saraf yang kompleks dimana penyandangnya memiliki gangguan pada input sensorik mereka. Hal tersebut menyebabkan mereka memiliki suatu perilaku khusus sehingga mereka kesusahan dalam bersosialisasi dan belajar. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah fasilitas pembelajaran yang dirancang secara khusus untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan sensorik mereka, guna menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih nyaman dan mendukung perkembangan mereka.
Dalam proses perancangan, dilakukan analisis dan identifikasi terkait karakteristik penyandang autisme serta identifikasi sistem sensorik yang mempengaruhinya. Evidence-based design digunakan sebagai metode dalam pencarian data untuk meningkatkan ketepatan dalam menganalisis pengguna dengan mencari bukti-bukti terbaru. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penyandang autisme umumnya terbagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu hiposensori (kurang peka dalam merespon input sensorik) dan hipersensori (terlalu peka dengan input sensorik).
Sistem sensorik utama yang menjadi perhatian dalam rancangan kali ini adalah vestibular, propioseptif, visual, auditori, dan taktil. Setiap sistem sensorik direspon melalui elemen arsitektur, mulai dari tapak, massa, hingga interior. Elemen-elemen ini disusun dan diolah secara khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sensorik penyandang autisme, sehingga mendukung terciptanya ruang belajar yang aman, nyaman, dan adaptif terhadap berbagai kondisi sensorik pengguna.
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Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), commonly referred to as autism, is a complex neurological disorder in which individuals experience sensory processing difficulties. This leads to distinctive behaviors that make it challenging for them to socialize and learn. Therefore, a specially designed learning facility is needed to accommodate their sensory needs, creating a more comfortable learning environment that supports their development.
During the design process, an analysis and identification of the characteristics of individuals with autism were conducted, along with an identification of the sensory systems that influence them. An evidence-based design was used as a data collection method to enhance user analysis accuracy by seeking the latest evidence. The study results indicate that individuals with autism generally fall into two categories: hyposensory (less sensitive to sensory input) and hypersensory (overly sensitive to sensory input).
This design's primary sensory systems of focus are the vestibular, proprioceptive, visual, auditory, and tactile systems. Each sensory system is addressed through architectural elements, from the site, mass, to the interior. These elements are specifically designed and processed to meet the sensory needs of individuals with autism, thereby supporting the creation of a safe, comfortable, and adaptive learning space tailored to various sensory conditions of users.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Neuroarchitecture, Integrasi Sensorik, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Evidence-Based Design. Neuroarchitecture, Integrasi Sensorik, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Evidence-Based Design.
Subjects: N Fine Arts > NA Architecture > NA6600 Education buildings
Divisions: Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Architechture > 23201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Berlian Salvia Andristi
Date Deposited: 04 Aug 2025 04:15
Last Modified: 04 Aug 2025 04:15
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126867

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