Sri Sudewi, Wahyu (2025) Sintesis dan Aplikasi Katalis Silika Tersulfatasi (SO₄/SiO₂) Berbasis Geothermal Sludge Sebagai Material Katalis Untuk Reaksi Hydrocracking Minyak Biji Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis L.) Menjadi Biofuel. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pemanfaatan silika dari limbah sebagai material pendukung katalis merupakan inovasi dalam pengembangan teknologi ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengolah silika dari geothermal sludge PLTPB Dieng yang dimodifikasi menjadi silika tersulfatasi (SO₄/SiO₂) dan digunakan sebagai support katalis untuk proses hydrocracking minyak biji jarak kepyar (Ricinus communis L) menjadi biofuel. Katalis yang dikembangkan adalah NiMo/SO₄/SiO₂ dan NiCu/SO₄/SiO₂, yang disintesis melalui impregnasi logam pada silika amorf hasil olahan sludge. Karakterisasi bahan baku dilakukan menggunakan XRF, FTIR, dan SEM, sedangkan karakterisasi katalis meliputi analisis SEM-EDX, BET, dan XRD. Proses kalsinasi dan reduksi dilakukan pada suhu 550°C selama 5 jam. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan dalam reaktor bertekanan 30 bar dengan volume minyak jarak 250 mL, variasi suhu 225°C, 300°C, dan 375°C, serta waktu reaksi 0–120 menit. Produk hasil hydrocracking dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS untuk menentukan konversi, yield, dan selektivitas fraksi biofuel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis NiMo/SO₄/SiO₂ memberikan performa optimal pada suhu 375°C dengan konversi 63,93%, yield biogasoil 1,52%, biokerosen 0,59%, dan biogasoline 1,46%, serta selektivitas tertinggi terhadap biogasoil (42,58%). Sementara itu, katalis NiCu/SO₄/SiO₂ menunjukkan performa lebih tinggi pada kondisi yang sama dengan konversi 72,71%, yield biogasoil 7,91%, biogasoline 5,11%, dan biokerosen 3,09%, serta selektivitas dominan terhadap biogasoil (40,10%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa silika dari limbah geothermal memiliki potensi besar sebagai support katalis dalam produksi biofuel yang efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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The utilization of silica derived from waste as a catalyst support material represents an innovative approach in the development of environmentally friendly technologies. This study aims to process silica extracted from geothermal sludge of the Dieng Geothermal Power Plant (PLTPB) into sulfated silica (SO₄/SiO₂), which is then used as a support for hydrocracking catalysts in converting castor seed oil (Ricinus communis L) into biofuel. The catalysts developed were NiMo/SO₄/SiO₂ and NiCu/SO₄/SiO₂, synthesized through metal impregnation onto amorphous silica derived from sludge processing. The raw materials were characterized using XRF, FTIR, and SEM, while the catalysts were analyzed using SEM-EDX, BET, and XRD. Calcination and reduction processes were carried out at 550°C for 5 hours. Catalyst activity tests were conducted in a reactor under 30 bar pressure with 250 mL of castor oil, at varying temperatures of 225°C, 300°C, and 375°C, and reaction times ranging from 0 to 120 minutes. The hydrocracking products were analyzed using GC-MS to determine conversion, yield, and selectivity of biofuel fractions. The results showed that the NiMo/SO₄/SiO₂ catalyst exhibited optimal performance at 375°C with a conversion rate of 63.93%, biogasoil yield of 1.52%, biokerosene of 0.59%, and biogasoline of 1.46%, with the highest selectivity towards biogasoil (42.58%). Meanwhile, the NiCu/SO₄/SiO₂ catalyst demonstrated superior performance under the same conditions, achieving a conversion of 72.71%, biogasoil yield of 7.91%, biogasoline of 5.11%, and biokerosene of 3.09%, with dominant selectivity toward biogasoil (40.10%). These findings indicate that silica derived from geothermal waste holds significant potential as a catalyst support for efficient and sustainable biofuel production.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Silika, Geothermal sludge, Biofuel, Hydrocracking, Minyak jarak; Silica, Geothermal sludge, Biofuel, Hydrocracking, Castor oil |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP245.S5 Silica gel. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Wahyu Sri Sudewi |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2025 06:59 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Aug 2025 05:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126956 |
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