Pemisahan Nikel Dan Kobalt Dengan Metode Electrowinning Dari Larutan Sulfat

Widodo, Nur Lestari (2025) Pemisahan Nikel Dan Kobalt Dengan Metode Electrowinning Dari Larutan Sulfat. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses ekstraksi nikel pada bijih laterit memiliki tantangan yakni keberadaan kobalt pada bijih tersebut yang sering menjadi logam ikutan pada nikel. Nilai standar potensial reduksi nikel dan kobalt sangat berdekatan sehingga diperlukannya parameter yang sesuai untuk pemisahan dengan electrowinning. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi pengaruh berbagai parameter reaksi dan kondisi optimumnya electrowinning terhadap massa nikel yang terbentuk di katoda, yang meliputi tegangan (potensial), jarak elektroda, dan suhu elektrolit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa massa nikel yang terdeposit pada katoda meningkat seiring dengan meningkatkan potensial, suhu elektrolit dan semakin pendeknya jarak antar katoda. Namun, potensial dan suhu yang terlalu tinggi mendorong reaksi pembentukan gas hidrogen, dan menurunkan massa nikel. Hasil electrowinning campuran nikel dan kobalt menunjukkan kondisi reaksi optimal diperoleh pada potensial 4 V, arus 0,15 A, jarak elektroda 1 cm, dan suhu elektrolit 45°C pada pH 5 yang menghasilkan massa deposit sebesar 0,0697 g. Karakterisasi XRD pada padatan yang terbentuk menunjukkan fasa utama logam nikel (Ni0) dengan struktur face-centered cubic dengan sedikit fasa Ni(OH)2. Analisis dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya puncak vibrasi OH dan H₂O (3500 dan 1530 cm⁻¹) serta sisa gugus SO₄²⁻ (1100 cm⁻¹). Pengamatan dengan SEM-EDX menunjukkan bahwa padatan memiliki morfologi seperti bunga (flowerlike) dengan unsur didominasi oleh Nikel (91,6%).
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The extraction process of nickel from laterite ore presents a challenge due to the presence of cobalt, which often occurs as an accompanying metal. The standard reduction potentials of nickel and cobalt are very close, necessitating the determination of suitable parameters for their separation via electrowinning. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of various reaction parameters—including voltage (potential), electrode distance, and electrolyte temperature—on the mass of nickel deposited at the cathode and to determine the optimal electrowinning conditions. The experimental results indicate that the mass of nickel deposited on the cathode increases with increasing voltage and electrolyte temperature, and with decreasing distance between the electrodes. However, excessively high voltage and temperature promote the hydrogen evolution reaction, thereby reducing the mass of the deposited nickel. The electrowinning of the nickel and cobalt mixture revealed that the optimal reaction conditions were achieved at a potential of 4 V, a current of 0.15 A, an electrode distance of 1 cm, and an electrolyte temperature of 45°C at pH 5, yielding a deposit mass of 0.0697 g. XRD characterization of the resulting solid indicated a primary phase of metallic nickel (Ni⁰) with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure, along with a minor phase of Ni(OH)₂. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of OH and H₂O vibrational peaks (at 3500 and 1530 cm⁻¹) as well as a residual sulfate (SO₄²⁻) group (at 1100 cm⁻¹). SEM-EDX observation showed that the solid possesses a flower-like morphology, with its elemental composition dominated by Nickel (91.6%).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Electrowinning, Nikel, Kobalt, Potensial Electrowinning, Nickel, Cobalt, Potential
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nur Lestari Widodo
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 11:16
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 11:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127120

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