Rancang Bangun Prototype Monitoring Smart Kandang Ayam Broiler Tipe Close House

Malik, Syaeful (2025) Rancang Bangun Prototype Monitoring Smart Kandang Ayam Broiler Tipe Close House. Other thesis, Instutut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri peternakan ayam broiler saat ini menghadapi tantangan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas secara efisien dengan tetap menjaga kenyamanan lingkungan hidup ayam. Salah satu upaya modernisasi yang relevan adalah penerapan sistem kandang pintar berbasis teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) yang mampu memantau dan mengendalikan kondisi lingkungan kandang secara otomatis dan real-time. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji sebuah prototype sistem monitoring smart kandang ayam broiler tipe close house yang mampu mengatur suhu, kelembapan, ketersediaan pakan, dan air minum selama masa brooding (14 hari pertama). Sistem ini dirancang agar mampu mengurangi intervensi manual, meminimalisasi kesalahan manusia, serta menjaga parameter lingkungan tetap stabil dalam batas optimal. Prototype ini menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pusat kendali utama, yang terhubung dengan beberapa sensor dan aktuator. Sensor suhu dan kelembapan DHT22 digunakan untuk memantau kondisi lingkungan, sensor water level digunakan untuk memantau ketersediaan air minum, dan sensor load cell HX711 digunakan untuk mengukur berat pakan dalam wadah otomatis. Aktuator terdiri atas kipas, heater, humidifier, pompa air, dan dua buah servo motor untuk mengatur pemberian pakan. Seluruh perangkat dikendalikan secara otomatis melalui relay 6 channel berdasarkan ambang batas suhu, kelembapan, dan level air yang telah ditentukan. Untuk keperluan monitoring jarak jauh, data dikirim secara berkala setiap 15–20 detik ke platform ThingSpeak melalui koneksi WiFi. Pengujian dilakukan selama 14 hari dengan memelihara ayam broiler sebanyak 10 ekor dalam kandang uji coba. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menjaga suhu kandang pada rentang 29°C hingga 34,8°C dan kelembapan pada rata-rata 64,2%, yang berada dalam batas aman dan ideal selama fase brooding. Sistem pemberian pakan otomatis bekerja secara konsisten sebanyak tiga kali per hari, yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 15.00, dan 20.00, dengan rata-rata konsumsi pakan harian sebesar ±63 gram per ekor. Selain itu, keberhasilan sistem juga diukur dari performa pertumbuhan ayam. Setelah diuji selama 14 hari diperoleh nilai Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) yang berada pada 0,780 yang termasuk dalam kategori efisien dan sesuai dengan standar industri peternakan ayam broiler. Kinerja sistem secara keseluruhan sangat stabil, dengan tingkat uptime pengiriman data ke cloud mencapai lebih dari 99%, Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa prototype sistem monitoring smart kandang ayam yang dikembangkan mampu memenuhi spesifikasi teknis dan mendukung peningkatan produktivitas peternakan ayam broiler secara signifikan. Sistem ini layak dikembangkan lebih lanjut dengan penambahan fitur analitik prediktif dan pemantauan kualitas udara (seperti kadar amonia) untuk efisiensi dan skalabilitas yang lebih tinggi.
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The broiler chicken farming industry currently faces challenges in improving productivity efficiently while maintaining the comfort of the chickens’ living environment. One relevant modernization effort is the implementation of a smart poultry house system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which can monitor and control the environmental conditions of the poultry house automatically and in real time. This research aims to design and test a prototype of a smart monitoring system for a closed-type broiler chicken house that can regulate temperature, humidity, feed availability, and drinking water during the brooding period (the first 14 days).The system is designed to reduce manual intervention, minimize human error, and maintain environmental parameters within optimal limits. The prototype uses an ESP32 microcontroller as the main control unit, connected to several sensors and actuators. A DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor is used to monitor environmental conditions, a water level sensor is used to monitor drinking water availability, and an HX711 load cell sensor is used to measure the weight of the feed in the automatic container. The actuators include a fan, heater, humidifier, water pump, and two servo motors to control feed distribution. All devices are automatically controlled via a 6-channel relay based on predefined thresholds of temperature, humidity, and water level. For remote monitoring purposes, data is sent periodically every 15–20 seconds to the ThingSpeak platform via WiFi connection. The testing was conducted over 14 days by raising 10 broiler chickens in a trial cage. The results showed that the system was able to maintain the house temperature within a range of 29°C to 34.8°C and humidity at an average of 64.2%, which falls within the safe and ideal limits for the brooding phase. The automatic feeding system operated consistently three times a day, at 08:00, 15:00, and 20:00, with an average daily feed consumption of approximately ±63 grams per chicken. Furthermore, the system’s success was also measured by the growth performance of the chickens. After 14 days of testing, the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was found to be 0.780, which is considered efficient and meets the standards of the broiler chicken industry. The overall system performance was very stable, with a data upload uptime to the cloud exceeding 99%.Based on these results, it can be concluded that the developed smart poultry house monitoring system prototype meets the technical specifications and significantly supports productivity improvement in broiler farming. This system is suitable for further development with the addition of predictive analytics features and air quality monitoring (such as ammonia levels) for greater efficiency and scalability.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Internet of Things, Mikrokontroler, FCR, Smart Farming, Thingspeak
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Syaeful Malik
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 10:03
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 10:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127601

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