Rodes, Willy Mahendra (2025) Pengaruh Elektroda Pelat Tembaga dan Elektroda Pelat Aluminium Terhadap Kinerja Sistem Pengukuran Kadar Air Sampel Minyak Transformator Menggunakan Metode Rangkaian Resistor-Kapasitor Low Pass Filter. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Minyak transformator yang terkontaminasi air dapat menyebabkan penurunan kemampuan isolasi, peningkatan suhu, dan kerusakan pada sistem isolasi. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan kadar air dalam minyak transformator menjadi aspek penting untuk menjaga keandalan dan umur pakai peralatan listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja elektroda pelat tembaga dan pelat aluminium dalam sistem pengukuran kadar air menggunakan metode rangkaian resistor-kapasitor (RC) low pass filter. Sensor dirancang dengan memanfaatkan perubahan nilai kapasitansi akibat perbedaan konstanta dielektrik antara minyak dan air. Lima sampel minyak transformator digunakan dengan penambahan volume air yang bervariasi, yaitu 0,1; 0,7; 1,0; 3,0; dan 5,0 mL. Sinyal pengujian diberikan menggunakan function generator dengan gelombang listrik berfrekuensi 10 Hz hingga 1 MHz dan amplitudo 5 Vpp. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa elektroda tembaga mampu menghasilkan tegangan output yang menurun seiring peningkatan frekuensi, sesuai karakteristik low pass filter, dengan sensitivitas yang cukup terhadap perubahan kadar air, terutama pada frekuensi 100 kHz. Sebaliknya, elektroda aluminium menghasilkan tegangan output yang sangat kecil dan tidak responsif terhadap perubahan frekuensi maupun kadar air, sehingga dinilai kurang efektif. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi alternatif yang sederhana, murah, dan andal untuk pemantauan
kadar air secara real-time pada minyak transformator.
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Water-contaminated transformer oil can cause a decrease in insulation capacity, increased temperature, and damage to the insulation system. Therefore, monitoring the water content in transformer oil is an important aspect of maintaining the reliability and service life of electrical equipment. This study aims to compare the performance of copper plate electrodes and aluminum plate electrodes in a water content measurement system using the resistor-capacitor (RC) low-pass filter methr5od. The sensor is designed to utilize changes in capacitance due to differences in dielectric constants between oil and water. Five transformer oil samples were used with varying volumes of added water, namely 0.1, 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mL. The test signal was generated using a function generator with an electrical waveform ranging from 10 Hz to 1 MHz and an amplitude of 5 Vpp. The test results showed that the copper electrode produced an output voltage that decreased with increasing frequency, consistent with the characteristics of a low-pass filter, with sufficient sensitivity to changes in moisture content, particularly at 100 kHz. In contrast, the aluminum electrode produced a very small output voltage and was unresponsive to changes in frequency or moisture content, making it less effective. This system is expected to serve as a simple, cost-effective, and reliable alternative solution for real-time monitoring of moisture content in transformer oil.
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