Penentuan Lokasi dan Pengembangan Pelabuhan untuk Bunkering Metanol di Indonesia

Pratama, Ihsan Adji (2025) Penentuan Lokasi dan Pengembangan Pelabuhan untuk Bunkering Metanol di Indonesia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor pelayaran internasional memiliki peran strategis dalam sistem logistik global, namun juga memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Sebagai langkah mitigasi, International Maritime Organization (IMO) menetapkan strategi dekarbonisasi dengan target pengurangan emisi hingga 100% pada tahun 2050, salah satunya melalui transisi penggunaan bahan bakar alternatif rendah karbon, seperti metanol. Metanol dianggap menjanjikan karena bentuknya yang cair, kemudahan distribusi, tidak memerlukan penyimpanan kriogenik, serta teknologi pembakaran yang telah dikomersialisasi. Di kawasan Asia Timur, beberapa negara telah mengembangkan fasilitas bunkering metanol, sementara Indonesia belum memiliki infrastruktur serupa, meskipun memiliki posisi geografis yang strategis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelayakan teknis dan permintaan metanol sebagai bahan bakar kapal peti kemas, mengevaluasi potensi pasokan, serta menentukan lokasi pelabuhan yang optimal untuk pengembangan fasilitas bunkering metanol di Indonesia. Pemodelan dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan optimasi dengan tujuan minimisasi unit cost pada dua skenario. Skenario 1 menghasilkan pilihan lokasi di Belawan, Jakarta, dan Surabaya dengan unit cost sebesar Rp10,4 juta dan seluruh kapal terlayani. Skenario 2 mempertimbangkan kelayakan investasi menggunakan pendekatan Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) dan memilih Jakarta sebagai satu-satunya pelabuhan, menghasilkan unit cost Rp9,5 juta dengan beberapa kapal tidak terlayani. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi pengembangan bertahap yang mempertimbangkan efisiensi biaya logistik dan kesiapan infrastruktur nasional.
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The The international shipping sector plays a strategic role in the global logistics system but also contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As a mitigation measure, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has established a decarbonization strategy targeting a 100% reduction in emissions by 2050, including the transition to low-carbon alternative fuels such as methanol. Methanol is considered promising due to its liquid form, ease of distribution, non-cryogenic storage, and commercially available combustion technology. While several East Asian countries have developed methanol bunkering infrastructure, Indonesia has yet to establish similar facilities despite its strategic geographical location. This study aims to analyze the technical feasibility and potential demand for methanol as a marine fuel for container ships, assess supply availability, and determine the optimal port locations for methanol bunkering facilities in Indonesia. An optimization model with a minimum unit cost objective is applied to evaluate two development scenarios. Scenario 1 selects Belawan, Jakarta, and Surabaya as bunkering ports, resulting in a unit cost of IDR 10,4 million with all vessels served. Scenario 2 incorporates investment feasibility using the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) approach and selects Jakarta as the sole bunkering port, resulting in a unit cost of IDR 9,5 million with several vessels unserved. This study recommends a phased development strategy that considers logistics cost efficiency and national infrastructure readiness.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bunkering Metanol, Bahan Bakar Alternatif, Dekarbonisasi; Pelayaran, Methanol Bunkering, Alternative Fuel, Maritime Decarbonization
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC363 Floating harbors. Including floating docks, piers, etc T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ihsan Adji Pratama
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2025 05:51
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 05:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127796

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