Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Membran HDPE/TiO₂/KKZ untuk Fotodegradasi Limbah Zat Warna Kationik dan Anionik

Mufidah, Iftin Farekana (2025) Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Membran HDPE/TiO₂/KKZ untuk Fotodegradasi Limbah Zat Warna Kationik dan Anionik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencemaran air akibat limbah zat warna sintetis dari industri tekstil merupakan isu serius karena bersifat toksik, persisten, dan sulit terdegradasi. Pengolahan limbah zat warna dapat dilakukan melalui teknologi membran. Salah satu material yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar membran adalah high-density polyethylene (HDPE). HDPE merupakan polimer yang banyak dijumpai pada produk plastik sehari-hari, sehingga memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap timbulan limbah plastik. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja membran, ditambahkan titanium dioksida (TiO₂) yang memiliki aktivitas fotokatalitik tinggi dan stabilitas termal baik. Selain itu, komposit karbon zeolit (KKZ) digunakan sebagai material pengisi berpori dengan luas permukaan dan porositas tinggi, yang berperan dalam meningkatkan hidrofilisitas, kapasitas adsorpsi, serta fluks permeasi membran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi optimum TiO₂ dan KKZ pada membran HDPE serta menganalisis filtrasi dan fotodegradasi terhadap zat warna kationik (crystal violet) dan anionik (congo red) dari larutan air. Membran disintesis menggunakan metode thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) dalam bentuk flat sheet dengan variasi TiO₂ (0,5; 1,25; 2,5; 3,75% b/b) serta KKZ (0,5; 0,75; 1% b/b). Karakterisasi dilakukan melalui uji porositas, sudut kontak, FTIR, XRD, dan SEM-EDX, sedangkan pengujian kinerja meliputi fluks air, rejeksi zat warna kationik (crystal violet, CV) dan anionik (congo red, CR) pada konsentrasi 10 ppm, serta uji fotodegradasi di bawah sinar UV. Membran dengan komposisi 0,5% HTK (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂/0,5% KKZ) dengan penyinaran UV memberikan performa paling optimal yaitu untuk CV sebesar (rejeksi 94,43%; fluks 172,23 L/m²h) serta untuk zat warna CR diperoleh (rejeksi 3,29%; fluks 97,60 L/m²h). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa membran lebih efektif untuk pemisahan zat warna kationik. Sementara itu, untuk zat warna anionik CR, kondisi lebih optimal dicapai pada membran 1,25% HT (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂) dengan penyinaran UV, yang menghasilkan rejeksi sebesar 55,93% meskipun dengan fluks relatif kecil (3,75 L/m²h). Membran HDPE/TiO₂/KKZ tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai pemisah fisik, tetapi juga sebagai sistem fotokatalitik aktif melalui kemampuan self-cleaning ditandai degradasi warna pada permukaan membran disertai penurunan dan pergeseran biru panjang gelombang maksimum zat warna CV dan CR di bawah radiasi UV dengan membran 1,25% HT (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂) menunjukkan kinerja fotokatalitik paling optimal.
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Water pollution caused by synthetic dye effluents from the textile industry is a serious environmental issue due to their toxic, persistent, and hardly degradable nature. Dye wastewater treatment can be effectively carried out using membrane technology. One of the potential base materials for membrane fabrication is high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a polymer commonly found in daily plastic products that significantly contributes to plastic waste accumulation. To enhance membrane performance, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is added because of its high photocatalytic activity and good thermal stability. In addition, the zeolite–carbon composite (ZCC) is used as a porous filler with a large surface area and high porosity, which improves hydrophilicity, adsorption capacity, and permeation flux of the membrane. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimum composition of TiO₂ and ZCC in HDPE membranes and to analyze their filtration and photodegradation performance against cationic dye (crystal violet, CV) and anionic dye (congo red, CR) from aqueous solutions. The membranes were synthesized using the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method in flat-sheet form with varying TiO₂ contents of (0,5; 1,25; 2,5; and 3,75 %wt) and ZCC contents of (0,5; 0,75; and 1 %wt). Characterization was performed through porosity, contact angle, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX analyses, while performance tests included water flux, dye rejection for CV and CR at 10 ppm concentration, and photodegradation under UV irradiation. The membrane with the composition 0,5% HTZ (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂/0,5% ZCC) under UV illumination exhibited the best performance, achieving (94,43% rejection and 172,23 L/m²h flux) for CV, while for CR, the same membrane achieved (3,29% rejection and 97,60 L/m²h flux), indicating that the membrane was more effective in separating cationic dyes. Meanwhile, for the anionic dye CR, the optimal condition was obtained with the 1,25% HT (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂) membrane under UV irradiation, which achieved 55,93% rejection despite a relatively low flux of 3,75 L/m²h. The HDPE/TiO₂/ZCC membrane functions not only as a physical separator but also as an active photocatalytic system through its self-cleaning ability, indicated by color degradation on the membrane surface accompanied by a decrease and blue shift in the maximum wavelength of CV and CR dyes under UV irradiation, with the 1,25% HT (HDPE/1,25% TiO₂) membrane exhibiting the most optimal photocatalytic performance.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fotodegradasi, Komposit Karbon-Zeolit, Membran HDPE, TiO₂, Zat Warna, Dye waste, HDPE membrane, Photodegradation, Zeolite-Carbon Composite
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > Polymerization Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology) Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Iftin Farekana Mufidah
Date Deposited:	17 Nov 2025 08:03
Last Modified:	17 Nov 2025 08:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/128798

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