Analisis Kualitas Proses Pengolahan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Dan Usulan Perbaikan Sistem Untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Di PT. TLDN (CAP)

Herwanto, Bimbing (2025) Analisis Kualitas Proses Pengolahan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Dan Usulan Perbaikan Sistem Untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Di PT. TLDN (CAP). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pabrik minyak kelapa sawit mengolah Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) menjadi produk utama berupa Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Kualitas CPO terdiri dari kadar asam lemak bebas (Free Fatty Acid/FFA), kadar air (moisture), dan kadar kotoran (dirt). Di PT TLDN (CAP), memiliki CPO dengan nilai FFA masih berada pada kisaran 3,00 - 5,00%, sehingga produk sebagian besar diklasifikasikan sebagai CPO normal dan juga sebagian masih > 5,00% dengan kategori CPO klaim. Berdasarkan standar harga pasar, kadar FFA memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap nilai jual CPO, dengan nilai CPO FFA < 3,00% memiliki nilai jual lebih tinggi (kategori premium). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu dan nilai ekonomi CPO melalui penurunan kadar FFA. Metode yang digunakan adalah seven tools pengendalian mutu, meliputi stratification, histogram, scatter diagram, fishbone diagram, dan pareto diagram. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama tingginya kadar FFA berasal dari pencampuran aliran minyak berkadar FFA tinggi (condensate dan liquor), restan TBS akibat keterlambatan pengolahan, serta lemahnya pengendalian waktu proses pada titik kritis yaitu waktu retensi dan control temperature. Diagram Pareto mengonfirmasi bahwa faktor-faktor tersebut memberikan kontribusi dominan terhadap penurunan mutu CPO. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dirancang usulan perbaikan berupa pemisahan aliran minyak dan pengendalian proses yang tervalidasi secara kuantitatif. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa kadar FFA pada kondisi eksisting sebesar 3,58% dapat diturunkan menjadi 2,50-2,69%, hasil perbaikan mengakibatkan terjadinya pergeseran komposisi produk, sekitar 37,44% CPO premium dan 62,56% CPO normal. Penerapan usulan perbaikan ini menunjukkan bahwa optimasi proses pengolahan mampu meningkatkan kualitas sekaligus profitabilitas CPO serta mengurangi potensi klaim mutu pada penjualan produk.
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Palm oil mills process Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) into the main product of Crude Palm Oil (CPO). CPO quality consists of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content, moisture content, and dirt content. At PT TLDN (CAP), CPO with FFA values still in the range of 3.00 - 5.00%, so that most products are classified as normal CPO and some are still > 5.00% with the claimed CPO category. Based on market price standards, FFA levels have a direct influence on the selling value of CPO, with CPO FFA values <3.00% having a higher selling value (premium category). This study aims to improve the quality and economic value of CPO by reducing FFA levels. The method used is seven quality control tools, including stratification, histograms, scatter diagrams, fishbone diagrams, and Pareto diagrams. The analysis results indicate that the main causes of high FFA levels come from mixing high FFA oil streams (condensate and liquor), FFB residue due to processing delays, and weak process time control at critical points, namely retention time and temperature control. The Pareto diagram confirms that these factors contribute dominantly to the decline in CPO quality. Based on the analysis results, a proposed improvement was designed in the form of oil flow separation and quantitatively validated process control. The calculation results show that the FFA level in the existing condition of 3.58% can be reduced to 2.50-2.69%, the results of the improvement resulted in a shift in product composition, approximately 37.44% premium CPO and 62.56% normal CPO. The implementation of this proposed improvement shows that processing process optimization can improve the quality and profitability of CPO and reduce the potential for quality claims in product sales.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Crude Palm Oil (CPO), Kualitas, Seven Tools, Free Fatty Acid (FFA)
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Bimbing Herwanto
Date Deposited:	08 Jan 2026 00:53
Last Modified:	08 Jan 2026 00:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/129364

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