Pengaruh Pembangunan MRT Jakarta Terhadap Gentrifikasi Di Kawasan TOD Dukuh Atas Jakarta Melalui Aspek Tata Lahan Dan Harga Sewa Properti

Aulia Putri, Rahayu (2026) Pengaruh Pembangunan MRT Jakarta Terhadap Gentrifikasi Di Kawasan TOD Dukuh Atas Jakarta Melalui Aspek Tata Lahan Dan Harga Sewa Properti. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh pembangunan Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Jakarta terhadap gejala gentrifikasi di Kawasan Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Dukuh Atas, dengan mengeksplorasi peran harga sewa properti dan perubahan fungsi lahan sebagai mekanisme mediasi. Pengamatan dan penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan pada periode Agustus hingga Oktober 2025, dengan mengumpulkan data primer dari 124 responden yang mencakup dua zona spasial, yaitu radius 800 meter sebagai wilayah akses pejalan kaki (walkable zone) dan radius 1 kilometer sebagai zona non-pejalan kaki (non- walkable zone). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas MRT secara signifikan meningkatkan harga sewa properti dan mempercepat perubahan fungsi lahan dari hunian menjadi komersial. Kedua dampak tersebut berperan sebagai mediator yang kuat dalam menghubungkan keberadaan MRT dengan gejala gentrifikasi. Analisis mediasi mengungkap bahwa sebagian besar dampak MRT terhadap gentrifikasi terjadi secara tidak langsung melalui peningkatan harga sewa dan perubahan fungsi lahan, sementara pengaruh langsungnya relatif lebih kecil. Gejala gentrifikasi tercermin dalam persepsi masyarakat berupa peningkatan beban hidup, tekanan akibat ancaman relokasi, dan perubahan komposisi sosial akibat masuknya kelompok berpenghasilan tinggi. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa pembangunan MRT berperan sebagai katalis transformasi spasial-ekonomi yang tidak hanya memicu kenaikan nilai properti dan intensifikasi lahan di sekitar stasiun, tetapi juga menciptakan tekanan sosial-ekonomi yang mendorong pergeseran penduduk dan perubahan struktur sosial kawasan. Dengan demikian, intervensi infrastruktur transportasi massal ini telah mengubah dinamika sosial-ekonomi kawasan secara sistemik, mempercepat proses gentrifikasi di wilayah yang dapat diakses dengan berjalan kaki maupun di zona yang lebih jauh.
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This study examines the influence of the Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) development on gentrification in the Dukuh Atas Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Area, exploring the mediating roles of property rental prices and land-use changes. Data collection, including observation and questionnaire distribution, was conducted from August to October 2025, gathering primary data from 124 respondents across two spatial zones: an 800-meter radius as a walkable access area (walkable zone) and a 1-kilometer radius as a non-walkable access area (non-walkable zone). The findings indicate that MRT accessibility significantly increases property rental prices and accelerates land-use changes from residential to commercial functions. These two effects serve as strong mediators linking the presence of the MRT to gentrification symptoms. Mediation analysis reveals that the majority of the MRT's impact on gentrification occurs indirectly through increased rental prices and land- use changes, while its direct influence is relatively smaller. Symptoms of gentrification are reflected in community perceptions, including rising living costs, pressure due to relocation threats, and shifts in social composition due to the influx of higher-income groups. These findings confirm that MRT development acts as a catalyst for spatial-economic transformation, not only driving property value increases and land-use intensification around stations but also creating socio-economic pressures that lead to population displacement and changes in the area's social structure. Thus, this mass transportation infrastructure intervention has systematically altered the socio-economic dynamics of the area, accelerating the gentrification process in both walkable and more distant zones.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), MRT Jakarta, Analisis Jalur, Gentrifikasi, Harga Sewa Properti, Perubahan Tata Lahan. Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Jakarta MRT, Path Analysis, Gentrification, Property Rental Prices, Land Use Change.
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA30.6 Spatial analysis
H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA31.3 Regression. Correlation. Logistic regression analysis.
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE147.6 Transportation--Planning
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE311.I4 Urban transportation
H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare
H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare > HV1597.2 Deafblind people--Education.
Divisions: Faculty of Creative Design and Digital Business (CREABIZ) > Developmental Studies > 60201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Rahayu Aulia Putri
Date Deposited: 12 Jan 2026 05:19
Last Modified: 12 Jan 2026 05:19
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/129470

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