Metal Impregnated Marble Wastes As A Catalyst For Deoxygenation Of Waste Cooking Oil To Biofuel

Tamim, Rustam (2025) Metal Impregnated Marble Wastes As A Catalyst For Deoxygenation Of Waste Cooking Oil To Biofuel. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Limestone powder, a by-product of top-down marble processing, exhibited high thermal stability and functionality as catalysts for the low-temperature pyrolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biofuel. The marble waste (MW) contains calcite, dolomite, and quartz composites (CaCO3/MgCO3/SiO2) as non-uniform microcrystallites. Pyrolysis at 380 oC in 1 hour increased the hydrocarbon composition of biofuel and reduced carboxylic acid. The biofuel composition contains 80% hydrocarbon within the jet fuel C8-16 ranges. MW reduced the carboxylic acid concentration from 49% in catalyst-free pyrolysis to less than 4%. The optimum condition was obtained at 3% MW, yielding 43.55% linear hydrocarbon, 11.1% cyclic hydrocarbon, and 1.02% aromatic compounds that satisfied the bio-jet fuel classification. The incorporation of varying percentages of marble waste demonstrates a significant enhancement in the cyclic compounds, elevating the yield from ~3% in catalyst-free pyrolysis to an impressive ~35%. The hydrocarbon yield is higher when using 3%MW > 1%MW > 6%MW > 9%MW. Dolomite and calcite mixture in MW catalyzed triglyceride conversion to hydrocarbon by adsorbing carbonate in triglycerides to drive C-O bond dissociation. These studies provide a roadmap for the utilization of abundant resources locally available in Indonesia to sustain local energy demand. The addition of monometals, such as Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Mo, and Fe along with bimetals such as NiZn, NiCo, NiCu, and NiFe to the marble waste increased the efficiency of WCO pyrolysis for hydrocarbon production.
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Bubuk batu kapur, produk sampingan dari pengolahan marmer top-down, menunjukkan stabilitas termal dan fungsionalitas yang tinggi sebagai katalis untuk pirolisis suhu rendah minyak goreng bekas (WCO) menjadi biofuel. Limbah marmer (MW) mengandung kalsit, dolomit, dan komposit kuarsa (CaCO3/MgCO3/SiO2) sebagai mikrokristalit yang tidak seragam. Pirolisis pada suhu 380 oC selama 1 jam meningkatkan komposisi hidrokarbon biofuel dan mengurangi asam karboksilat. Komposisi biofuel mengandung 80% hidrokarbon dalam kisaran bahan bakar jet C8-16. MW mengurangi konsentrasi asam karboksilat dari 49% pada pirolisis tanpa katalis menjadi kurang dari 4%. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada 3% MW, menghasilkan 43,55% hidrokarbon linier, 11,1% hidrokarbon siklik, dan 1,02% senyawa aromatik yang memenuhi klasifikasi bahan bakar bio-jet. Penambahan berbagai persentase limbah marmer menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada senyawa siklik, meningkatkan hasil dari ~3% pada pirolisis tanpa katalis menjadi ~35% yang mengesankan. Hasil hidrokarbon lebih tinggi ketika menggunakan 3%MW > 1%MW > 6%MW > 9%MW. Campuran dolomit dan kalsit dalam MW mengkatalisis konversi trigliserida menjadi hidrokarbon dengan mengadsorpsi karbonat dalam trigliserida untuk mendorong disosiasi ikatan C-O. Studi ini memberikan peta jalan untuk pemanfaatan sumber daya melimpah yang tersedia secara lokal di Indonesia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi lokal. Penambahan logam tunggal, seperti Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Mo, dan Fe bersama dengan logam ganda seperti NiZn, NiCo, NiCu, dan NiFe ke limbah marmer meningkatkan efisiensi pirolisis WCO untuk produksi hidrokarbon.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Metal impregnated marble wastes, MWs, WCO, Deoxygenation, Biofuel, Bio jet fuel
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Rustam Tamim
Date Deposited:	20 Jan 2026 04:07
Last Modified:	20 Jan 2026 04:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/129794

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